Lesson 1 - Classification

Question 1

Taxonomic groups

Answer 1

Seven groups ordered in hierarchy.
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species

Question 2

Carl Linnaeus

Answer 2

The first to propose a hierarchal system for classification.
Early 18th century Swedish botanist

Question 3

What amendments have been made to the classification hierarchal system?

Answer 3

• Domain added

Placed at the top of the hierarchy.

Question 4

What was the first comprehensive study of animals?

Answer 4

350 BC: Aristotle compiles his book ‘A history of animals’, the first comprehensive study of animals.

Question 5

Who created a 4 volume encyclopaedia of the then-known animal world, consisting of 4500 pages?

Answer 5

1551 - Konrad Gesner (a Swiss botanist)

Question 6

When was the 10th edition of Carl Linnaeus’ book published? Called? About?

Answer 6

• 1758
• Systema Naturae
• Considered the starting point of binomial nomenclature.

Question 7

Who proposed protostista (third kingdom)?

Answer 7

• Ernest Harckel (German biologist and naturalist)
• 1866

Question 8

When was the 5 kingdom system proposed and by who?

Answer 8

1969
Robert Whittaker

Question 9

What were the initial 5 kingdoms?

Answer 9

• Prokaryotae
• Protoctista
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Animalia

Question 10

Who proposed the 6 kingdom classification model?

Answer 10

1977
Carl Woese

Question 11

What was Carl Woese’s proposal?

Answer 11

Sub-divide prokaryotes into archaebacteria and eubacteria

Question 12

Why do scientists classify organisms?

Answer 12

• To identify species
• To predict characteristics
• To find evolutionary links

Question 13

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 13

• Archaea
• Bacteria
• Eukarya

Question 14

Species difinition?

Answer 14

A group of organisms that are able to reproduce to produce fertile offspring.

Question 15

Why are products of two different species infertile?

Answer 15

• Contain an odd number of chromosomes.
  Meiosis and gamete production cannot take place correctly as all chromosomes must pair up.

Question 16

Common names?

Answer 16

Given names according to their physical characteristics or habitat.
Eg. ‘blackbird’

Question 17

System used in classification?

Answer 17

Binomial nomenclature

Question 18

Generic name

Answer 18

Genus

Question 19

Specific name

Answer 19

Species

Question 20

How should binomial nomenclature be written?

Answer 20

In italics and when handwritten underlined

All name except first letter of the genus should be lower case.