Lesson 12 Flashcards

(85 cards)

1
Q

What does ◌ represent in pitch accent?

A

Low pitch

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2
Q

What does ◉ represent in pitch accent?

A

High pitch

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3
Q

What does ↘ represent in pitch accent?

A

Downstep (pitch drops after this mora)

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4
Q

What is Heiban (平板) in pitch accent?

A

Flat pattern: ◌◉◉◉…

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5
Q

What is Nakadaka (中高) in pitch accent?

A

Mid-high pattern: ◌◉↘◌

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6
Q

What is Atamadaka (頭高) in pitch accent?

A

Head-high pattern: ◉↘◌◌

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7
Q

What does 集める (あつめ↘る) mean?

A

To collect; to gather

Example: 切手を集めるのが趣味です。Kitte wo atsumeru no ga shumi desu. (Collecting stamps is my hobby.)

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8
Q

What does 生まれる (うまれる) mean?

A

To be born

Example: 弟は東京で生まれました。Otouto wa Toukyou de umaremashita. (My younger brother was born in Tokyo.)

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9
Q

What does 変える (かえる) mean? LHH

A

To change (X into Y)

Example: 髪の色を変えたいです。Kami no iro wo kaetai desu. (I want to change my hair color.)

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10
Q

What does 計画を立てる (けいかく を たてる) mean?

A

To make a plan

Example: 夏休みの計画を立てましょう。Natsuyasumi no keikaku wo tatemashou. (Let’s make plans for summer vacation.)

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11
Q

いなくなる LHHHL

A

To disappear [person/animal]

Example: 猫が突然いなくなった。Neko ga totsuzen inaku natta. (The cat suddenly disappeared.)

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12
Q

なくなる LHHH

A

To disappear [thing]

Example: 財布がなくなってしまった。Saifu ga nakunatte shimatta. (My wallet has disappeared.)

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13
Q

動く (うご↘く) (LHL)

A

(Something/someone) moves; functions

Example: この機械は動きません。Kono kikai wa ugokimasen. (This machine doesn’t work.)

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14
Q

What does お金をおろす (おかね を おろす) mean?

A

To withdraw money

Example: ATMでお金をおろしました。ATM de okane wo oroshimashita. (I withdrew money from the ATM.)

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15
Q

What does 落ち込む (おちこ↘む) mean?

A

To get depressed; to feel down

Example: 試験に失敗して落ち込んでいる。Shiken ni shippai shite ochikonde iru. (I’m feeling down because I failed the exam.)

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16
Q

What does 返す (かえ↘す) mean?

A

To return; to give back

Example: 図書館に本を返すのを忘れた。Toshokan ni hon wo kaesu no wo wasureta. (I forgot to return the book to the library.)

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17
Q

What does 決まる (きまる) mean?

A

To be decided

Example: 来年の予定がやっと決まった。Rainen no yotei ga yatto kimatta. (Next year’s schedule has finally been decided.)

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18
Q

What does 困る (こま↘る) mean?

A

To be in trouble; to have a hard time

Example: お金がなくて困っています。Okane ga nakute komatte imasu. (I’m in trouble because I don’t have money.)

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19
Q

What does 宝くじに当たる (たからくじ に あたる) mean?

A

To win a lottery

Example: 宝くじに当たる夢を見た。Takarakuji ni ataru yume wo mita. (I had a dream that I won the lottery.)

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20
Q

What does 楽しむ (たのし↘む) mean?

A

To enjoy

Example: 友達と映画を楽しみました。Tomodachi to eiga wo tanoshimimashita. (I enjoyed the movie with my friends.)

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21
Q

What does 違う (ちがう) mean?

A

(X is) different (from Y)

Example: この答えは間違っている、違う。Kono kotae wa machigatte iru, chigau. (This answer is wrong, it’s different.)

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22
Q

What does 付き合う (つきあう) mean?

A

To go out; to date

Example: 彼女と三年間付き合っています。Kanojo to sannen-kan tsukiatte imasu. (I’ve been dating my girlfriend for three years.)

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23
Q

What does 飛ぶ (と↘ぶ) mean?

A

To fly; to jump

Example: 鳥が空を飛んでいる。Tori ga sora wo tonde iru. (Birds are flying in the sky.)

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24
Q

What does 仲良くなる (なかよく なる) mean?

A

To become good friends

Example: クラスメートと仲良くなりたい。Kurasu meeto to nakayoku naritai. (I want to become good friends with my classmates.)

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25
What does 走る (はし↘る) mean?
To run ## Footnote Example: 毎朝公園で走っています。Maiasa kouen de hashitte imasu. (I run in the park every morning.)
26
What does 払う (はらう) mean?
To pay [money] ## Footnote Example: 電気代を払うのを忘れた。Denkidai wo harau no wo wasureta. (I forgot to pay the electricity bill.)
27
What does みがく (みが↘く) mean?
To polish; to brush (teeth) ## Footnote Example: 毎晩歯をみがいてから寝る。Maiban ha wo migaite kara neru. (I brush my teeth every night before going to bed.)
28
What does 緊張する (きんちょうする) mean?
To get nervous; feel tense ## Footnote Example: 面接の前に緊張してしまった。Mensetsu no mae ni kinchou shite shimatta. (I got nervous before the interview.)
29
What does 筋トレをする (きんトレ を する) mean?
To do strength training ## Footnote Example: 週に三回筋トレをしています。Shuu ni sankai kin tore wo shite imasu. (I do strength training three times a week.)
30
What does 経験する (けいけんする) mean?
To experience ## Footnote Example: 海外で働くことを経験したい。Kaigai de hataraku koto wo keiken shitai. (I want to experience working abroad.)
31
What does 計算する (けいさんする) mean?
To calculate ## Footnote Example: 家計を計算するのが大変だ。Kakei wo keisan suru no ga taihen da. (Calculating household finances is difficult.)
32
What does コピーする (コピーする) mean?
To make a copy ## Footnote Example: この書類をコピーしてください。Kono shorui wo kopii shite kudasai. (Please make a copy of this document.)
33
What does 就職する (しゅうしょくする) mean?
To get a (full-time) job ## Footnote Example: 来年の春に就職する予定です。Rainen no haru ni shuushoku suru yotei desu. (I plan to get a job next spring.)
34
What does 手術する (しゅじゅつする) mean?
To undergo/perform surgery ## Footnote Example: 来週、手術することになった。Raishuu, shujutsu suru koto ni natta. (I'm scheduled to have surgery next week.)
35
What does 食事をする (しょくじ を する) mean?
To have a meal; to dine ## Footnote Example: 家族と一緒に食事をしました。Kazoku to issho ni shokuji wo shimashita. (I had a meal together with my family.)
36
What does 心配する (しんぱいする) mean?
To worry ## Footnote Example: 母はいつも私のことを心配している。Haha wa itsumo watashi no koto wo shinpai shite iru. (My mother is always worrying about me.)
37
What does 卒業する (そつぎょうする) mean?
To graduate ## Footnote Example: 来年大学を卒業します。Rainen daigaku wo sotsugyou shimasu. (I will graduate from university next year.)
38
What does 発表する (はっぴょうする) mean?
To present; to announce ## Footnote Example: 研究結果を発表しました。Kenkyuu kekka wo happyou shimashita. (I presented my research results.)
39
What does 昼寝をする (ひるね を する) mean?
To take a nap ## Footnote Example: 昼食後に短い昼寝をした。Chuushoku-go ni mijikai hirune wo shita. (I took a short nap after lunch.)
40
What does 復習する (ふくしゅうする) mean?
To review ## Footnote Example: 試験のために英語を復習している。Shiken no tame ni eigo wo fukushuu shite iru. (I'm reviewing English for the exam.)
41
What does 約束をする (やくそく を する) mean?
To make a promise/appointment ## Footnote Example: 友達と映画を見る約束をした。Tomodachi to eiga wo miru yakusoku wo shita. (I made a promise with my friend to watch a movie.)
42
What does 予習する (よしゅうする) mean?
To do preparatory study/research ## Footnote Example: 明日のテストのために数学を予習する。Ashita no tesuto no tame ni suugaku wo yoshuu suru. (I will do preparatory study of math for tomorrow's test.)
43
すばらしい
Wonderful; fantastic ## Footnote Example: 今日の天気はすばらしいですね。Kyou no tenki wa subarashii desu ne. (Today's weather is wonderful, isn't it?)
44
What does ひどい (ひど↘い) mean?
Terrible [thing/person]; serious [injury] ## Footnote Example: 昨日の台風はひどかった。Kinou no taifuu wa hidokatta. (Yesterday's typhoon was terrible.)
45
めずらしい
Rare; unusual; unique ## Footnote Example: 日本で雪が降るのはめずらしくない。Nihon de yuki ga furu no wa mezurashiku nai. (It's not unusual for snow to fall in Japan.)
46
貧乏 (びんぼう)
Poor [lacking money/food/possessions] ## Footnote Example: 学生時代は貧乏だった。Gakusei jidai wa binbou datta. (During my student days, I was poor.)
47
What does 自由 (じゆう) mean?
Freedom ## Footnote Example: 自由の大切さを感じた。Jiyuu no taisetsu-sa wo kanjita. (I felt the importance of freedom.)
48
What does おにぎり (おにぎり) mean?
Rice ball [Japanese food] ## Footnote Example: 昼ご飯におにぎりを二つ食べた。Hirugohan ni onigiri wo futatsu tabeta. (I ate two rice balls for lunch.)
49
What does 親 (おや) mean?
Parent ## Footnote Example: 親に電話をかけなければならない。Oya ni denwa wo kakenakerreba naranai. (I have to call my parents.)
50
What does 科学者 (かがくしゃ) mean?
Scientist ## Footnote Example: 彼は有名な科学者になった。Kare wa yuumei na kagakusha ni natta. (He became a famous scientist.)
51
What does 楽器 (が↘っき) mean?
Musical instrument ## Footnote Example: どんな楽器が弾けますか。Donna gakki ga hikemasu ka. (What musical instruments can you play?)
52
What does 計画 (けいかく) mean?
Plan ## Footnote Example: 来年の旅行の計画を立てている。Rainen no ryokou no keikaku wo tatete iru. (I'm making plans for next year's trip.)
53
What does こと (こと) mean?
(Intangible) thing ## Footnote Example: 分からないことがあったら聞いてください。Wakaranai koto ga attara kiite kudasai. (If there's anything you don't understand, please ask.)
54
What does 事故 (じ↘こ) mean?
Accident [traffic, etc.] ## Footnote Example: 交通事故に気をつけてください。Koutsu jiko ni ki wo tsukete kudasai. (Please be careful of traffic accidents.)
55
What does 島 (し↘ま) mean?
Island ## Footnote Example: 沖縄は美しい島です。Okinawa wa utsukushii shima desu. (Okinawa is a beautiful island.)
56
What does 城 (しろ) mean?
Castle ## Footnote Example: 大阪城を見に行きました。Oosaka-jou wo mi ni ikimashita. (I went to see Osaka Castle.)
57
What does 大使館 (たいしかん) mean?
Embassy ## Footnote Example: ビザをもらうために大使館に行く。Biza wo morau tame ni taishikan ni iku. (I'm going to the embassy to get a visa.)
58
What does 宝くじ (たからくじ) mean?
Lottery (ticket) ## Footnote Example: 宝くじに当たったことがない。Takarakuji ni atatta koto ga nai. (I've never won the lottery.)
59
What does ただ (ただ) mean?
Free of charge ## Footnote Example: このコンサートはただで聞けます。Kono konsaato wa tada de kikemasu. (This concert is free of charge.)
60
使館に行く。
Biza wo morau tame ni taishikan ni iku. ## Footnote (I'm going to the embassy to get a visa.)
61
宝くじ | たからくじ
lottery (ticket) ## Footnote Example: 宝くじに当たったことがない。 (I've never won the lottery.)
62
ただ | ただ
free of charge ## Footnote Example: このコンサートはただで聞けます。 (You can listen to this concert for free.)
63
単位 | た↘んい
(academic) credit ## Footnote Example: この授業は三単位です。 (This class is worth three credits.)
64
地図 | ち↘ず
map ## Footnote Example: 地図を見ながら歩いた。 (I walked while looking at the map.)
65
データ | データ
data ## Footnote Example: このデータは間違っている。 (This data is incorrect.)
66
動画 | どうが
video; animated image ## Footnote Example: YouTubeで面白い動画を見た。 (I watched an interesting video on YouTube.)
67
荷物 | に↘もつ
package; baggage ## Footnote Example: 空港で荷物を受け取った。 (I picked up my baggage at the airport.)
68
値段 | ねだん
price [monetary] ## Footnote Example: この本の値段はいくらですか。 (How much is the price of this book?)
69
初め | はじめ
beginning; first ## Footnote Example: 初めは難しかったが、慣れた。 (It was difficult at first, but I got used to it.)
70
左手 | ひだりて
left hand ## Footnote Example: 左手でボールを投げるのは難しい。 (It's difficult to throw a ball with my left hand.)
71
右手 | みぎて
right hand ## Footnote Example: 左手でボールを投げるのは難しい。 (It's difficult to throw a ball with my left hand.)
72
弁当 | べんとう
boxed lunch ## Footnote Example: 母が作った弁当を持って来た。 (I brought the boxed lunch my mother made.)
73
面接 | めんせつ
(job) interview ## Footnote Example: 来週、就職の面接がある。 (I have a job interview next week.)
74
指 | ゆびn
finger ## Footnote Example: 指を怪我してしまった。 (I injured my finger.)
75
履歴書 | りれきしょ
résumé ## Footnote Example: 履歴書に写真を貼った。 (I attached a photo to my résumé.)
76
論文 | ろんぶん
thesis; dissertation; academic paper ## Footnote Example: 卒業論文を書いている。 (I'm writing my graduation thesis.)
77
自由に | じゆうに
freely ## Footnote Example: ここでは自由に写真を撮れます。 (You can freely take photos here.)
78
もうすぐ | もうすぐ
soon ## Footnote Example: もうすぐ春が来る。 (Spring will come soon.)
79
もし | もし
if [emphasizes conditional meaning] ## Footnote Example: もし雨が降ったら、家にいます。 (If it rains, I'll stay home.)
80
~たち | ~たち
[plural marker for people, animals, etc.] ## Footnote Example: 私たちは学生です。 (We are students.)
81
他の~ | ほかの~
other/another [Noun] ## Footnote Example: 他の方法を考えよう。 (Let's think of another method.)
82
他に | ほかに
besides ## Footnote Example: 英語の他に何語が話せますか。 (What languages can you speak besides English?)
83
もちろん | も↘ちろん
of course; certainly ## Footnote Example: もちろん、手伝います。 (Of course, I'll help.)
84
楽しみにしています | たのしみにしています
to look forward to [event/activity] ## Footnote Example: パーティーを楽しみにしています。 (I'm looking forward to the party.)
85
楽しみ | たのしみ
pleasure; enjoyment