Lesson 2

Question 1

When was the Iroquois Confederacy created and where was it created?

Answer 1

• 16th century

- founded in what is now central New York State

Question 2

How many tribes did the original confederacy consist of and who were they? When did the sixth tribe join and who were they?

Answer 2

• 5
• Mohawk, Onondage, Cayuga, Oneida, Seneca
• 1722
• Tuscora

Question 3

What were the 5 tribes known as?

Answer 3

Five Nations, or the League of Five Nations

Question 4

Between what two years did the confederacy become enacted, and who is said to have persuaded who to join and for what reasons?

Answer 4

-1570-1600
Dekanawia, born a HUron, is said to have persuaded Hiawatha, an Onondaga, living among Mohawks, to abandon cannibalism and advance “peace, civil authority, righteousness, and the great law” as sanctions for the confederation

Question 5

The Iroquois Confederacy posessed an “____” character that stood in stark contract to the hierarchical decision-making processes popular in Europe.

Answer 5

inclusive

Question 6

The Confederacy’s decision-making processes were goverened by a “_____,” the “_____” which possessed many of the attributes found in twentieth century constitutions.

Answer 6

• constitution

- Great Law

Question 7

The great law identified the___of citizens, outlined the parameters of the___of___, formalized societal_____processes, and prescrived the conduct of ___ ____.

Answer 7

• rights
• powers
• leaders
• decision-making
• foreign
• affairs

Question 8

What did provisions within the Great Law encourage?

Answer 8

public participation in societal decision making.

Question 9

What were the provisions in the Great Law for? (3 things).

Answer 9

• referenda
• recalls of leaders
• pubicly-sponsored initatives

Question 10

Women possessed____and___ enabling them to have a meaningful and critical role in the selection of____.

Answer 10

• influence
• rights
• leaders

Question 11

What sex were member of the Grand Council? What sex had the power to nominate members?

Answer 11

• male

- nominated by women of their extended family

Question 12

What did the Great Law insist that chiefs had to be?

Answer 12

tolerant and attentive to criticisms from members of their nation

Question 13

True or false: Individuals, both male and female, could bring complaints against a chief to the Council

Answer 13

True. Everyone gets a say; very democratic society

Question 14

True or False: The council could NOT remove the chief if it was deemed that he was not acting in the best interest of his people.

Answer 14

False. The Council could remove the chief if it was deemed that he was not acting in the best interest of his people, or not obeying the rules of the Great Law

Question 15

True or False: Many of our rights and freedoms in Canada were influenced by the Great Law.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The ____of each member nations of the Confederacy was addressed in specific___of the Great Law.

Answer 16

• soverignity (own seperate government)

- provisions

Question 17

Measures such as ___ of___ could only be____by the ___ ___ wth the approval of the ____of all ___ ___. In short, ___had to____

Answer 17

• declarations
• war
• enacted
• Grand
• Council
• representatives
• five
• nations
• everyone
• agree

Question 18

What do the Iroquois call themselves? What does this mean?

Answer 18

• Haudenosaunee

- people of the longhouse

Question 19

Where did the iroquois live?

Answer 19

They lived in and around the Great Laes & St. Lawrence Lowlands

Question 20

Describe an Iroquois village? Size? Defense?

Answer 20

• large

- fortified

Question 21

What kind of houses were in the Iroquois villages? What was their length? What where they built out of?

Answer 21

• communal longhouses
• 200’ in length
• built over a frameworl covered with elm bark

Question 22

What kind of social structure did the Iroquois have? What did this mean?

Answer 22

• a matriarchal social structure
• this meant that the women owned allproperty and determined kinship. After marriage, a man moved into his wife’s longhouse, and their children became members of her clan

Question 23

Iroquois people had away of life that involved livining in a permanent community. What was this known as?

Answer 23

sedentary

Question 24

Were Iroquois villages mobile or permanent?

Answer 24

permanent

Question 25

When were the only times that Iroquois moved?

Answer 25

moved only for military purposes or when the soil became depleted (about every 15 to 20 years)

Question 26

Where Iroquois settled or nomadic?

Answer 26

nomadic

Question 27

What provided most of the Iroquois diet? What did they call their food?

Answer 27

- agriculture | - corn, beans, and squash were known as "deahako" or "life supporters"

Question 28

Who owned and tended the fields? Who supervvised?

Answer 28

- women | - clan mother

Question 29

When did Iroquois men usually leave the village? When did they return? What did they do in the spring?

Answer 29

- in the fall for the annual hunt - returned about midwinter - in the spring they fished

Question 30

What was the Iroquoian religion based on?

Answer 30

the worship of a great spirit

Question 31

True or false: Were the Iroquois a true democracy?

Answer 31

true

Question 32

What is the importance of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy?

Answer 32

- one of the earlies-known treaties bewtween First Nations - formed when a solar eclipse occured - before the fomation of the confederacy, the Haudenosaunee nations had a long history of warfare with one another.

Question 33

Who was peace founded by?

Answer 33

-Skennenrahawi (aka Dekanawidah), the Peacemaker, who carried his message of peace from the Creator. He counselled the Haudenosaunee nations to stop using war as a method of resolving conflicts. He recommended instead a relationship founded on compromise and consensus.

Question 34

How was the Great Law of Peace passed down?

Answer 34

orally from generation to generation.

Question 35

When was the first time that the Great Law of Peace was written down?

Answer 35

it was written down for the first time in 1880

Question 36

Why are the Mohawk referred to as "the elder brothers"?

Answer 36

The Mohawk are knows as the "elder brothers" because they were the first to accept the Great Law of Peace

Question 37

Explain why the IRoquois Nation would be considered "the Romans of the New World"?

Answer 37

The Iroquois are sometimes referred to as "the Romans of the New World" because they imposed their will upon a cast expanse of territory, waged a series of apocalyptic wars against their neighbors, and fought the French to a standstill. They were feared in battle and ruthless in history.

Question 38

What important role did women play in the Iroquoian society?

Answer 38

The Iroquois tra ed their descent to their mothers side. Women wielded real power. Women owned land, and men protected it. Clan Mothers chose the members of the Grand Council. If a leader failed to follow the dictates of the Grand Law, the Clan Mothers could remove him