Lesson 3 Flashcards by kai <3 mark

refers to the collection of
programs, procedures, and
documentation that perform specific tasks on a computer system.

Software

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It serves as
the intangible component of a
computing system, in contrast to
hardware, which represents the physical devices.

Software

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Software provides a
user-friendly interface that allows
people to interact with the computer without needing to understand the complex, low-level machine language that the hardware uses.

To Serve as a Bridge Between the User and the Hardware

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One of the most
fundamental purposes of software is to automate repetitive or complex tasks that would be difficult, time-consuming,
or impossible for humans to do
manually.

Automate Tasks

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is crucial for collecting, storing,
retrieving, and organizing vast
amounts of data.

Software

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Software is crucial for collecting, storing, retrieving, and organizing vast amounts of data. T

Manage Data

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This is essential
for both personal use and largescale business operations.

Manage Data

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Software is the engine behind a wide range of creative and entertainment activities, from simple games to professional-grade design work.

To Enable Creativity and Entertainment

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Software is classified into two primary categories:

System Software
Application Software

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ach classification serves ____ _____ within a computing environment.

distinct purposes

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is designed to manage
and control hardware, providing a
platform for running application
software.

System software

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It operates in the background
and is essential for ensuring that the hardware and the computer system function efficiently

System software

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The core software that manages
hardware resources, facilitates user
interaction, and serves as a foundation for running application software.

Operating Systems (OS)

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Operating Systems (OS) Examples

Windows
macOS
Linux
Android

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is a graphical operating
system developed by Microsoft that provides a user-friendly interface for interacting with computers.

Microsoft Windows

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Windows operates with a visual
interface that includes elements like windows, icons, and menus, making it easier to use than text-based command systems.

Microsoft Windows

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is the operating system developed by Apple Inc. for its Mac computers.

macOS

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It provides the
interface and tools needed to run programs, manage files, and access the internet, similar to other operating systems like Windows.

macOS

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is known for its sleek design, ease of use, and integration with Apple’s ecosystem, allowing seamless connectivity between devices such as iPhones, iPads, and Apple Watches.

macOS

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s an open-source operating
system based on the Unix architecture.

Linux

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It serves as the core system software that manages hardware resources and provides a
platform for running applications.

Linux

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Unlike proprietary operating systems like Windows
and macOS, ____ is free and can be modified or redistributed by anyone due to its open-source nature.

Linux

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It’s particularly popular among developers, system administrators, and for use in servers and supercomputers due to its ____ _____

performance and customization capabilities.

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It’s particularly popular among developers, system administrators, and for use in servers
and supercomputers due to its performance and customization capabilities.

LINUX

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Is an open-source mobile operating system developed by Google, primarily used in smartphones, tablets, and other smart devices.

ANDROID

It is based on the Linux kernel and is designed to support touchscreens, enabling users to interact with their devices through gestures like tapping, swiping, and pinching.

ANDROID

are specialized software that allow an operating system to communicate with hardware devices such as printers, graphics cards, keyboards, and network adapters.

Device drivers

act as a translator between the hardware and the software, enabling the operating system and applications to properly use and control the hardware's functions.

Device drivers

What Device Drivers do?

* Bridge the gap between software and hardware. * Translate commands from the operating system into instructions the hardware understands. * Enable functionality - without the right driver, a device might not work at all.

is a type of system software designed to help manage, maintain, and optimize a computer's performance and functionality. It provides tools for tasks such as file management, system security, data backup, and system optimization.

Utility software

Protects your computer against malware and security threats.

Antivirus Software

EXAMPLES of Antivirus Software

Avast, McAfee, Windows Defender, Bitdefender.

Removes unnecessary files to free up disk space

Disk Cleanup Tools

EXAMPLES Disk Cleanup Tools

CCleaner, Windows Disk Cleanup.

Creates copies of important data to prevent loss.

Backup Software

EXAMPLES Backup Software

Acronis True Image, Backblaze, Time Machine (macOS).

Helps with organizing, compressing, and managing files.

File Management Tools

EXAMPLES File Management Tools

WinRAR, 7-Zip, Total Commander.

Reorganizes fragmented data to improve performance.

Disk Defragmenters

EXAMPLE Disk Defragmenters

Defraggler, Windows Defragment and Optimize Drives.

refers to programs designed to perform specific tasks or applications for the user, such as productivity, entertainment, or communication.

Application software

Unlike system software, which manages hardware and system resources, application software directly serves the needs of the user.

Application software

refers to applications that are widely used across various industries and tasks due to their versatility and broad functionality.

General-purpose software

Enable users to perform common tasks like document creation, multimedia viewing, and online browsing.

General-purpose software

To create, edit, format, and print text documents.

Word Processors

EXAMPLES Word Processors

Microsoft Word, Google Docs.

This software is used to create and manage a database.

Database Software

is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system.

Database

To access and navigate the internet.

Web Browsers

To play audio and video files.

Media Players

to work with graphics as it helps the user to edit or make changes in visual data or images. It comprises of picture editors and illustration software

Graphics Software

refers to applications designed to meet the specific needs of particular industries or professional fields.

Specialized/Industry-specific software

Unlike generalpurpose software, which serves a broad audience, specialized software provides tools and features tailored to the unique requirements of a given industry.

Specialized/Industry-specific software

Manages patient records and clinical data. Examples: Epic, Cerner.

Electronic Health Records (EHR)

Analyzes and manages medical images. Examples: OsiriX, Philips IntelliSpace.

Medical Imaging Software:

Manages financial transactions, payroll, and reporting. Examples: QuickBooks, Sage.

Accounting Software

Assists in creating detailed design and engineering drawings. Examples: AutoCAD, SolidWorks.

Computer-Aided Design (CAD):

Manages building design and construction projects.Examples: Revit, ArchiCAD.

Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Manages sales and transactions. Examples: Square POS, Shopify POS.

Point of Sale (POS) Systems

Oversees inventory, sales, and customer relationships. Examples: Lightspeed, Vend.

Retail Management Systems

Facilitates online learning and course management. Examples: Blackboard, Moodle.

Learning Management Systems (LMS)

Manages student data and academic records. Examples: PowerSchool, Skyward.

Student Information Systems (SIS):

refers to large-scale software solutions designed to support and manage the needs of organizations, typically at an enterprise level.

Enterprise software

This type of software is used to improve productivity, streamline operations, and manage various business processes across different departments within a company.

Enterprise software

Integrates core business processes, including finance, HR, supply chain, and manufacturing, into a unified system. * It helps you manage what’s happening inside your institution

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

EXAMPLES: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

SAP ERP, Oracle ERP Cloud, Microsoft Dynamics 365.

* Purpose: Manages interactions with customers and prospects, tracks sales, and improves customer service. * It helps you manage what’s happening outside—student inquiries, alumni relations, donor engagement, or even vendor communications.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Examples of CRM

Salesforce, HubSpot CRM, Microsoft Dynamics CRM.

This software would help you coordinate timelines, assign tasks, and monitor progress across departments.

Project Management Software

Project Management Software Examples

Microsoft Project, Asana, Jira.

Apps are always at your fingertips, accessible with a single tap from your home screen.

Convenience and Accessibility

They provide a quick, on-the-go way to access services, information, and entertainment, wherever you are.

Convenience and Accessibility

Unlike mobile websites that need to load every time, native apps store data and files locally on the device.

Speed and Performance

This allows them to load faster, run smoother, and be more responsive, even with a weak internet connection.

Speed and Performance

Many apps can function without an active internet connection. F

Offline Functionality

For example, a travel app might allow you to view your itinerary or a note-taking app might let you edit documents, which can then be synced once you are back online.

Offline Functionality

Apps are specifically designed for the mobile environment, leveraging touch gestures and a clean, intuitive interface.

Enhanced User Experience (UX)

This leads to a more fluid, engaging, and personalized experience compared to a mobile-optimized website.

Enhanced User Experience (UX)

Apps can remember user preferences, track behavior, and provide personalized content, recommendations, and offers.

Personalization

This makes the experience feel tailored and more relevant to the individual.

Personalization

is software that is legally owned by an individual or a company

Proprietary

The is kept confidential, and users are not given the right to access, modify, or redistribute it. U

source code

Users must agree to a ____ that dictates how they can use the software.

license

is software for which the original source code is made freely available and may be redistributed and modified. It is typically developed in a collaborative, public manner.

Open-Source Software

is often used interchangeably with "free software," but they have slightly different philosophical underpinnings. The key is the freedom to view, use, modify, and distribute the code.

open source

emphasizes transparency, collaboration, and flexibility, often at no cost, but may require technical skills and offer variable support.

Open-Source Software

offers structured support and often a polished user experience but comes with licensing costs and less flexibility for customization.

Proprietary Software

you have the technical knowledge or resources to customize and maintain the software, you want full control over your software and data, or you have a limited budget for software licensing.

Choose Open Source

you value a ready-to-use, "turnkey" solution with professional support, you prefer the stability of a single vendor's roadmap, or you don't have the technical expertise to manage a community-driven product

Choose Proprietary

Lesson 3 Flashcards

(89 cards)