Lesson 3

Question 1

Three Sectors of Civil Aviation

Answer 1

commercial service aviation, air cargo, general aviation

Question 2

Three Categories of Commercial Service Aviation

Answer 2

passenger air carriers, international air transportation, air cargo

Question 3

Supported by the world’s airlines, is by far the most well known, most utilized, and most highly regulated segment of civil aviation

Answer 3

commercial service aviation

Question 4

It is the segment of the industry responsible for providing public air transportation between the world’s cities.

Answer 4

commercial service aviation

Question 5

Originating as the transport of mail by air in the early part of the twentieth century, air cargo has come to be defined as a $40 billion industry focused on the air transport of mail, bulk freight, high-value goods, and all other revenue generating payload other than passengers and their luggage

Answer 5

air cargo

Question 6

Approximately _____ of the air cargo transported globally is performed by industry leaders and exclusive cargo carriers _____ and_____.

Answer 6

15%, FedEx, UPS

Question 7

Cargo carried on commercial passenger aircraft; cargo is stowed in the belly of the passenger aircraft

Answer 7

belly

Question 8

Cargo carried on aircraft designed exclusively for the carriage of cargo; describing the containers within which cargo is stowed and the palettes used to load and unload cargo

Answer 8

palette or containerized

Question 9

term used to designate all flying done other than by the commercial air service carriers

Answer 9

general aviation

Question 10

operations range from local recreational flying to global business transport, performed on aircraft not operating under the federal aviation regulations for commercial air carriers

Answer 10

general aviation

Question 11

Airports currently serving at least _____ enplaned passengers using commercial air service are known as commercial service airports.

Answer 11

2500

Question 12

Airports currently serving at least 2500 enplaned passengers using commercial air service are known as _________.

Answer 12

commercial service airports

Question 13

designated as those commercial airports serving at least 10,000 annual enplaned passengers

Answer 13

primary airports

Question 14

Primary airports are designated as those commercial airports serving at least _______ annual enplaned passengers.

Answer 14

10,000

Question 15

Airports serving less than ______ annual enplaned passengers are considered general aviation airports.

Answer 15

2500

Question 16

Airports serving less than 2500 annual enplaned passengers are considered ___________.

Answer 16

general aviation airports

Question 17

General aviation airports designed to accommodate smaller single and twin-engine aircraft are considered __________.

Answer 17

basic utility airports

Question 18

Those general aviation airports that accommodate larger aircraft are considered _________.

Answer 18

general utility airports

Question 19

Primary airports are further classified into what?

Answer 19

hub classifcations

Question 20

Hub Classifications used by the FAA

Answer 20

• large hub primary
• medium hub primary
• small hub primary
• nonhub primary

Question 21

are those airports that account for at least 1 percent of the total annual passenger enplanements in the United States

Answer 21

large hubs

Question 22

account for at least 0.25 but less than 1 percent of the total passenger enplanements

Answer 22

medium hubs

Question 23

account for at least 0.05 percent but less than 0.25 percent

Answer 23

small hubs

Question 24

account for less than 0.05 percent but at least 10,000 annual enplaned passengers

Answer 24

nonhubs

Question 25

airports not currently serving regular commercial service but have been designated by the FAA as “general aviation-type airports that provide relief"

Answer 25

reliever airports

Question 26

Airports are typically given “reliever” status if they are located within an ________ of population of at least 5,000,000 or where passenger enplanements exceed 50,000 annually.

Answer 26

SMSA (Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area)

Question 27

the airport must have at least 100 aircraft based at the field or handle at least 25,000 itinerant operations annually

Answer 27

reliever airports

Question 28

As early as _____, the _________ showed an interest in civil aviation, particularly the transportation of mail by air, and from then on the department did much to encourage civil aviation.

Answer 28

1911, Post Office Department

Question 29

The first year of the carriage of mail also saw the passage of the first federal law dealing with air commerce which was

Answer 29

Air Commerce Act of 1926

Question 30

Air Commerce Act of 1926 principal provisions

Answer 30

1. All aircraft must be registered 2. All aircraft must be certificated and operated by certified airmen 3. Authority to the Secretary of Commerce 4. Secretary of Commerce was authorized to establish, operate, and maintain lighted civil airways

Question 31

The Air Commerce Act of 1926 had been passed before the carriage of mail and passengers had developed into a substantial business enterprise. The failure of this legislation to provide adequate economic control led to wasteful and destructive competitive practices. The carriers had little security in their routes and therefore could not attract private investors and develop traffic volumes sufficient to achieve economic stability. These particular weaknesses in the existing legislation led to the enactment of the ______________.

Answer 31

Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938

Question 32

This act defined in a precise manner the role of the federal government in respect to the economic phases of air transport.

Answer 32

Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938

Question 33

The Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 created one independent agency to foster and regulate air transport in lieu of the three agencies operating under the Air Commerce Act which was called the ________.

Answer 33

Civil Aeronautics Authority

Question 34

Civil Aeronautics Authority consisted of a ____-member authority, a _____-member air safety board, and an administrator.

Answer 34

5, 3

Question 35

In Civil Aeronautics Authority, the ________ was principally concerned with the economic regulation of air carriers.

Answer 35

five-member authority

Question 36

The ________ was an independent body for the investigation of accidents.

Answer 36

safety board

Question 37

The concerns of the ________ dealt primarily with construction, operation, and maintenance of the airways.

Answer 37

administrator

Question 38

On May 13, 1946, President Harry Truman signed the Federal Airport Act that established the Federal-Aid Airport Program, the first peacetime program of financial aid aimed exclusively at promoting development of the nation's civil airports. What act is this?

Answer 38

Federal Airport Act of 1946

Question 39

When and who signed the Federal Airport Act that gave way to Federal-Aid Program?

Answer 39

13 May 1946, President Harry Truman

Question 40

What act established the Federal Aviation Agency and when?

Answer 40

Federal Aviation Act of 1958, 23 August 1958

Question 41

What act created the Trust Fund to provide a dedicated source of funding for the US aviation system, independent of the General Fund?

Answer 41

Airport and Airway Revenue Act of 1970

Question 42

This legislation eliminated the statutory authority for the economic regulation of the passenger airline industry in the United States.

Answer 42

Airline Deregulation Act of 1978

Question 43

Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 abolished what in 1985?

Answer 43

Civil Aeronautics Board

Question 44

When was the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 passed by Congress?

Answer 44

October 1978

Question 45

It prohibits states from regulating the price, route, or service of an air carrier for the purposes of keeping national commercial air travel competitive.

Answer 45

Airline Deregulation Act of 1978

Question 46

The Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 developed what programs/act?

Answer 46

- Airport Improvement Program (AIP) - Noise Abatement Act of 1979

Question 47

A program that provides grants to plan and develop private-use airports, established by the ______________. The AIP is administered by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and provides improvement-grants to public-use airports.

Answer 47

Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982

Question 48

This act established the policy of allowing airports to impose a passenger facility charge (PFC) to supplement their capital improvement programs, while allowing greater amounts of AIP funding to be allocated to smaller airports with capital improvement needs. Under this Act, an airport applied to collect a $1, $2, or $3 charge, on any passenger enplaning at the airport.

Answer 48

Aviation Safety and Capacity Act of 1990

Question 49

This funding increase was designed to assist larger airports which have become highly congested, as well as smaller airports struggling to preserve commercial air service.

Answer 49

AIR-21: The Wendell Ford Aviation Investment Act for the 21st Century

Question 50

President Bush signed the __________ into law requiring screening conducted by federal officials, 100 percent checked baggage screening, expansion of the Federal Air Marshal Service and reinforced cockpit doors.

Answer 50

Aviation and Transportation Security Act of 2001

Question 51

It is created to oversee security in all modes of transportation.

Answer 51

Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

Question 52

It focused funding on creating the Next Generation Air Traffic Management System to replace nearly 50-year old air traffic control technology.

Answer 52

NextGen Financing Reform Act of 2007

Question 53

In March 2009, a new reauthorization bill, the ___________, was introduced as H.R. 915. As of publication of this text there is continued debate on how the federal government of the United States will fund the modernization of the national airspace system, particularly in the face of the economic downturn of beginning in late 2007.

Answer 53

FAA Reauthorization Act of 2009

Question 54

Agencies with the most direct influence on civil aviation policy and airport planning and design

Answer 54

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Question 55

the agency within the U.S. Department of transportation responsible for the safe and efficient operation of the nation’s civil aviation system

Answer 55

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

Question 56

The FAA is headed by the ________ known as the administrator who is appointed by the President.

Answer 56

chief executive

Question 57

the agency within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security responsible for the security nation’s transportation systems, including civil aviation

Answer 57

Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

Question 58

When and why was the TSA formed?

Answer 58

2001, terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001

Question 59

When did the TSA move to the Department of Homeland Security from the Department of Transportation?

Answer 59

2003

Question 60

The TSA is led by an _____ appointed by the President.

Answer 60

administrator

Question 61

With the formation of the TSA, all federal regulations pertaining to the security of the civil aviation system were moved from Title ____ of the Code of Federal Regulations to Title ____—Transportation, and have become commonly known as Transportation Security Regulations (TSRs).

Answer 61

14, 49

Question 62

responsible for preserving the environment with the goal of protecting human health

Answer 62

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Question 63

Established in 1970 as part of the __________, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for preserving the environment with the goal of protecting human health.

Answer 63

National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

Question 64

has directed many of its efforts to minimizing environmental damage resulting from civil aviation activities, with focus on aircraft noise levels, emissions, air quality, and water runoff

Answer 64

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Question 65

consists of five members appointed by the President and performs the following functions: 1. investigates certain aviation, highway, marine, pipeline, and railroad accidents, and reports publicly on the facts, conditions and circumstances, and the cause or probable cause of such accidents 2. recommends to Congress and federal, state, and local agencies measures to reduce the incidence of transportation accidents 3. initiates and conducts transportation safety studies and investigations 4. establishes procedures for reporting accidents to the board 5. assesses accident investigation techniques and issues recommendations for improving accident investigation procedures 6. evaluates the adequacy of the procedures and safeguards...

Answer 65

National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)

Question 66

Perhaps the most important international agency concerned with airport development which is now a specialized agency of the United Nations with headquarters in Montreal, Canada

Answer 66

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

Question 67

In 2009, how many members does the ICAO have?

Answer 67

188 nations

Question 68

Its objective is to develop the principles and techniques of international air transportation

Answer 68

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

Question 69

The ICAO concept was formed during a conference of ___ nations held in Chicago in ______.

Answer 69

52, 1944

Question 70

The national trade association of companies in the US engaged in research, development, and manufacture of aerospace systems.

Answer 70

Aerospace Industries Association of America (AIA)

Question 71

An association of owners and pilots of general aviation aircraft. It is headquartered in Frederick, MD, a suburb of Washington, D.C.

Answer 71

Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA)

Question 72

An association of airline pilots. It is headquartered in Herndon, VA, a suburb of Washington, D.C.

Answer 72

Air Line Pilots Association, International (ALPA)

Question 73

An association of over 400 large airports and airport authorities throughout the world.

Answer 73

Airports Council International (ACI)

Question 74

An association of scheduled domestic and international airlines in the United States.

Answer 74

Air Transport Association of America (ATA)

Question 75

An association of the managers of public and private airports.

Answer 75

American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE)

Question 76

An association promoting the interests of general aviation.

Answer 76

General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA)

Question 77

An association which represents the interests of manufacturers and users of helicopters and promotes the use of helicopters.

Answer 77

Helicopter Association International (HAI)

Question 78

An association of scheduled carriers in international air transportation.

Answer 78

International Air Transport Association (IATA)

Question 79

An association of small regional and commuter aircraft operators promoting the needs of this segment of the air transportation industry.

Answer 79

Regional Airline Association (RAA)