1
Q
How are you?
A
¿Cómo está?
2
Q
You’re fine.
A
Está bien
3
Q
you
A
usted
4
Q
your
A
su
5
Q
[edit] First, let’s start out with a review of a common phrase that will help with small talk. Remember that you can ask either ¿Cómo está usted? or ¿Cómo está? When the Spanish-speaking context is strong enough, usted doesn’t have to be said.
A
Usted vs Tú
You may have also heard the expression, ¿Cómo estás? The only difference between this phrase and the phrase we’ve already learned is the -s at the end of está. In short, Spanish has two different ways to say you. Usted is the formal you, and is for people you just meet, older people, and anyone you want to show respect to. Tú is the informal you and is for your friends, family, and peers. So, you could say “¿Cómo estás tú?”, but the word estás, with an -s at the end, already implies that it is informal. Therefore, it is easier to just leave it off.
For the sake of simplicity, we are just going to stick with one way of saying you – usted. Most likely, you will be using usted in your interactions anyway at work or in your community, so that’s what we’ll use for most of this course.
6
Q
esposo
A
husband
7
Q
esposa
A
wife
8
Q
padre / papá
A
father
9
Q
madre / mamá
A
mother
10
Q
hijo
A
son
11
Q
hija
A
daughter
12
Q
hermano
A
brother
13
Q
hermana
A
sister
14
Q
tío
A
uncle
15
Q
tía
A
aunt
16
Q
primo
A
male cousin
17
Q
prima
A
female cousin
18
Q
sobrino
A
nephew
19
Q
sobrina
A
niece
20
Q
abuelo
A
grandfather
21
Q
abuela
A
grandmother
22
Q
nieto
A
grandson
23
Q
nieta
A
granddaughter
24
Q
familia
A
family
25
[Edit] For males, the word ends in an -o and for females, the word ends in an -a
26
¿Cómo está usted hoy?
How are you today?
27
¿Cómo está su familia?
How's your family?
28
También
also or too.
29
[Edit] su means your but can also mean his or her
30
My family also
Mi familia también
31
Your daughter also
Su hija también
32
His grandmother also
Su abuela también
33
I'm fine also.
Usted está bien.
34
Are you fine?
¿Está bien?
35
Yo
I
36
Usted
You
37
Él
He
38
Ella
She
39
[Edit] When you begin conversing in Spanish with native speakers, you'll notice that many times they will delete a subject pronoun. The table below shows some example phrases with and without the pronouns. Notice that in Spanish, usted, él, and ella share the same verb form. Also note that el (the) and él (he) sound the same, but él has an accent, making it a different word.
40
Yo quiero / Quiero
I want
41
Usted quiere / Quiere
You want
42
Él quiere / Quiere
He wants
43
Ella quiere / Quiere
She wants
44
Yo tengo que / Tengo que
I have to
45
Usted tiene que / Tiene que
You have to
46
Él tiene que / Tiene que
He has to
47
Ella tiene que / Tiene que
She has to
48
How is he?
¿Cómo está él?
49
How is she?
¿Cómo está ella?
50
[Edit] Just remember that if the context is strong enough How are you?, How is he? and How is she? all can be reduced to ¿Cómo está?
51
¿Cómo está ella? / ¿Cómo está?
How is she?
52
Yo estoy bien. / Estoy bien.
I am fine.
53
Yo voy a arreglarlo. / Voy a arreglarlo.
I am going to fix it.
54
Él fue a pagarlo. / Fue a pagarlo.
He went to pay for it
55
Ella quiere hablar también. / Quiere hablar también.
She wants to talk too.
56
¿Dónde está?
Where is? or Where are?
57
Está
is or are.
58
¿Dónde está su familia?
Where's your family?
59
¿Dónde está usted?
Where are you?
60
¿Dónde está él?
Where is he?
61
¿Dónde está ella?
Where is she?
62
[Edit] Consider the context of the last three sentences above. If you is explicitly obvious in the context of a Spanish-speaking situation, how would you say, Where are you?—¿Dónde está? If he is obvious, how would you say, Where is he?—¿Dónde está? If she is understood in the context of the situation, how would you say, Where is she? That's right, ¿Dónde está?
¿Dónde está? is used when you're looking for someone or something. It's easy . . . in Spanish there's no need to use usted, él, or ella when the target person is obvious.
63
Where's the trash?
¿Dónde está la basura?
64
Where's the store?
¿Dónde está la tienda?
65
Where's your sister?
¿Dónde está su hermana?
66
Where's your street?
¿Dónde está su calle?
67
What does está mean?
Means is and are, but it also means you are, he is, she is and it is.
68
Usted está en Puerto Rico.
Translation: You're in Puerto Rico.
69
Él está en la cocina.
Translation: He's in the kitchen.
70
Ella está en la farmacia.
Translation: She's in the pharmacy.
71
Está en la mesa.
Translation: It's on the table.
(Generally, the subject pronoun it is not overtly expressed. The last sentence above: Está en la mesa, is an example of how the word it is absorbed into the verb in Spanish.)
72
You're (you are)
Usted está or Está
(both correct)
73
He's (he is)
Él está or Está
(both correct)
74
She's (she is)
Ella está or Está
(both correct)
75
Where's the chair?
¿Dónde está la silla?
76
It's over here.
Está aquí.
77
Where's the church?
¿Dónde está la iglesia?
78
It's over there.
Está allí.
79
Where's your daughter?
¿Dónde está su hija?
80
She's in the library.
Está en la biblioteca.
81
Where's the factory?
¿Dónde está la fábrica?
82
It's in El Paso.
Está en El Paso.
83
Where's your husband?
¿Dónde está su esposo?
84
He's in the store.
Está en la tienda.
85
Where's your wife?
¿Dónde está su esposa?
86
She's in the school.
Está en la escuela.
87
[Edit] When to Use Está
The verb está is used for health and location related issues – often things that are temporary. If you think for a moment, you'll see that all the sentences above that have está in them, have to do with either health or location.
The verb es has the exact same meaning as está. The question is, when do you use está and when do you use es? Here's the answer: use está for health and location which are temporary conditions, and use es everywhere else.
Remember, use está for health and location and use es everywhere else. Another way of looking at it, está is used for temporary conditions and es is used for more permanent conditions.
88
Está
- It's over there on the table.
- She's sick today.
- Are you fine?
89
Es
- It's red.
- He's a U.S. citizen.
- She's a doctor.
- It's necessary.
90
[Edit] El and la both translate to the. When you make a word plural in Spanish, you change el to los, and la becomes las.
91
The floor
El piso
92
The floors
Los pisos
93
The street
La calle
94
The streets
Las calles
95
Las toallas
La toalla
96
Los baños
El baño
97
El hijo
Los hijos
98
[Edit] As with el and la, un and una have their respective plural forms. Un becomes unos and una becomes unas.
99
A floor
Un piso
100
Some floors
Unos pisos
101
A street
Una calle
102
Some streets
Unas calles
103
éste
means this one
104
[Edit] For instance, suppose you're speaking Spanish, and the focus of conversation at that moment is the computer next to you. But you don't know the word for computer. No hay problema. Simply point to the computer and say éste. Or suppose you're at a department store, and you want to buy the briefcase in front of you. You turn to the salesman and say, Me gustaría comprar éste.— I would like to buy this one. Or maybe you're in construction and surrounded by tools at the workplace. How do you say tape measure?—éste. How do you say hammer?—éste. What this means is that every object in the immediate environment around you is an éste.
105
¿Es posible comer?
Is it possible to eat?
106
I want to eat.
Quiero comer.
107
I went to eat.
Fui a comer.
108
Did you go to eat?
¿Fue a comer?
109
Before eating
Antes de comer
110
I have just eaten.
Acabo de comer.
111
Do you want to eat?
¿Quiere comer?
112
pedir
means to order – or in more general terms, to ask (for something).
113
I want to order.
Quiero pedir.
114
I'm going to order.
Voy a pedir.
115
I went to order.
Fui a pedir.
116
Are you going to order?
¿Va a pedir?
117
I plan to order.
Pienso pedir.
118
After ordering
Después de pedir
119
I have to order.
Tengo que pedir.
120
Dónde está la ventana que mira hacia (that looks toward) mi fábrica?
Where is the window that looks toward my factory?
121
Está aquí. Durante la semana (week), es mi oficina. Durante el fin de semana (weekend), es su habitación.
It is here. During the week, it is my office. During the weekend, it is your bedroom.
122
Está allí. Mira por (through) la ventana.
It is there. Look through the window.
Speed Spanish Flashcards
flashcards
Decks in class (5)
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