LESSON 5

Question 1

this two are remarkable factors of the animal kingdom, intricately linked by the need for effective information transfer across vast distance & diverse

Answer 1

Animal communication & Migration

Question 2

is the transfer of information from one or group of animals

Answer 2

Animal Communication

Question 3

what are the 6 components of communication

Answer 3

1. sender & reciever
2. channels
3. medium
4. modes of signal or stimuli
5. response
6. outcome

Question 4

is an organism sending the communication signal

Answer 4

sender

Question 5

the one adjusting his behavior in response to the communication signals

Answer 5

Reciever

Question 6

channel is composed of?

Answer 6

1. visual
2. auditory
3. olfactory
4. tactile
5. seismic
6. thermal
7. electric

Question 7

medium is composed of?

Answer 7

1. air
2. space
3. water
4. light
5. sound
6. smell

Question 8

what are some examples of signals or stimuli?

Answer 8

1. cues
2. gaze
3. movements
4. gestures
5. postures
6. symbols
7. explicit
8. declarative

Question 9

here the sender trait has not evolved for communication purposes, but the recievers are still processing the information from them.

ex: squrrel sees the angle of a branch & decide to jump, the tree isn’t sending a message; but the squirrel gets useful information from it

Answer 9

Cues

Question 10

what are the two types of Modes of signal or stimuli

Answer 10

1. communication signals
2. metacommunication

Question 11

when an act of an organism triggers a response in another organism

Answer 11

communication signals

Question 12

all nonverbal cues like tone of voice, body language, gestures, facial expression. This carry the meaning that may enhance or disallow what we say.

Answer 12

Metacommunication

Question 13

this depends on the perception of the reciever

Answer 13

response

Question 14

the contingent response of the reciever will give the _____?

Answer 14

outcome

Question 15

this signals has a fixed set of possible values; this indicate yes or no and is often used in animals communication for quick & clear signals

Answer 15

discrete signals

Question 16

this kind of signals are continues signals; it can change gradually overtime and it can shows a varying degrees of intensity, emotion or response

Answer 16

analogue signals

Question 17

if the horse has erect ears, it means ?

Answer 17

Normal & Happy

Question 18

if the ears of the horse is pointed forward that means?

Answer 18

Friendly

Question 19

if the ears is pointed backward ?

Answer 19

Hostile & angry

Question 20

consider a situation where a horse’s ears are pointed backward and its mouth is wide open. What emotion is the horse likely feeling?

take note the opposite means “very happy”

Answer 20

extreme threat

Question 21

What are the various animal signals:

Answer 21

1. Coordinate Group Movements
2. Transmit Navigation Information
3. Communicate Arrival at Destination

Question 22

Types of Animal Communications

Answer 22

1. Auditory Communication
2. Visual Communication/Signals
3. Tactile communications
4. Chemical Communication
5. Thermal Communication
6. Seismic Communication
7. Olfactory Communication
8. Autocommunication
9. Etholocation

Question 23

this type of communication uses vocalization, whistles, clicks or drumming to convey messages

Answer 23

Auditory communications

Question 24

whistlings of wild dog is called?

Answer 24

Dholes

Question 25

sperm whales use clicks for communication in a sophisticated way it's called?

Answer 25

codas

Question 26

tarsier is a type of primate; uses this type of audio communication which is very vocal and is used for calls for territorial, mating, warnings & distress ## Footnote it's too high pitched for human to hear; and is used for private communication

Answer 26

Ultrasonic vocalizations

Question 27

this communications or signals can be seen; "non-verbally"

Answer 27

visual communication/signals

Question 28

what are examples of visuals;

Answer 28

1. movement 2. gesture & poisture 3. colourations 4. supernormal stimuli 5. Photo-communication

Question 29

great crested grebe perfrom a synchronized courtship dance with a mate called? ## Footnote courtship display

Answer 29

water ballet or penguin dance

Question 30

if dog's waggling their tail it means

Answer 30

excitement & them being friendly

Question 31

when elephants flapp their ears it means?

Answer 31

it can cool the down or it can also signal agitation & alertness

Question 32

bees dance to tell the other bees where to find the food, it's a figure eight movement.

Answer 32

Waggle dance

Question 33

this is widely used signals; commonly used in mating rituals & may place other signals such as bright coloring

Answer 33

gesture & poisture

Question 34

this species communicate a threat by raising their arms, slapping the ground & staring at their groups

Answer 34

chimpanzee

Question 35

for chimpanzee this gesture is not a happy smile but rather a submissive gestures; often used when a young chimpanzee approaches dominant male

Answer 35

Fear Grin

Question 36

In this animal, the color of the female reproductive organs turns red or pink when she is fertile, signaling that she is ready to mate

Answer 36

monkey

Question 37

this species has fixed, bright colors and it's used to warn predators that he's toxic & it's not edible

Answer 37

poison dart frogs

Question 38

special kind of color pattern used to decieve; it copies the color or appearance of another for protection

Answer 38

Mimicry

Question 39

monarch butterfly is

Answer 39

toxic

Question 40

viceroy butterfly is?

Answer 40

non-toxic & edible, but mimics the monarch butterfly

Question 41

this type of mimicry is harmless; it's also used to resemble a dangerours or toxic species for prtoection

Answer 41

Batesion Mimicry

Question 42

this type of species changes it's color with the influenced of emotions, temperature, light and because the cells in their skin called chromatophores

Answer 42

Chameleons

Question 43

is an example of mimicry where a texas coral snake & louisiana milk snake has bright, contrasting color bands (red, yellow & black), it serves as a warning that's a venomous & highliy toxic. This bright coloration is a classic example of aposematism.

Answer 43

Cryptic mimiicry

Question 44

an exagerated version of stimululs that elicits a response more strongly than the stimulus for which it evolved. It's introduced by NIkolaas Tinbergen, a pioneering ethologist.

Answer 44

Supernormal stimuli or Superstimulus

Question 45

2 examples of Supernormal stimuli

Answer 45

1. Male fiddler crabs 2. Hornbills & Toucans