Lesson 6- Sampling Techniques & Pilot Studies

Question 1

What is the target population?

Answer 1

Target 🎯 population- group researchers studying- generalise results to

Question 2

What is a sample?

Answer 2

Sample- representative of target 🎯 population- same characteristics

Question 3

What is random sampling?

Answer 3

Random Sampling- every member- 🎯 population- same chance- being selected- e.g. names in 🎩

Question 4

What are the evaluation points of random sampling?

Answer 4

Advantages:

1) 👍 for large 🎯 population- large sample represents & … results generalised
2) ✖️ researcher bias- sample chosen by chance & ✖️ by researcher- equal chance of selection

Disadvantages:

1) Difficult- get full details- 🎯 population & … select sample- e.g. all women in 🇬🇧
2) ✖️ all members of 🎯 population selected- willing to take part … ⬇️ sample size & sample unrepresentative

Question 5

What is systematic sampling?

Answer 5

Systematic Sampling- pps selected- take every nth person from list

Question 6

What are the evaluation points of systematic sampling?

Answer 6

Advantages:

1) ⬆️ simpler & needs ⬇️⏰ than random sampling- only list of 🎯 population needed
2) ✖️ researcher bias- sample chosen by chance & ✖️ by researcher- equal chance of selection

Disadvantages:

1) ✖️ all members of 🎯 population selected- willing to take part … ⬇️ sample size & sample unrepresentative
2) Selection may interact with hidden recurring/periodic trait … ✖️ representative of 🎯 population

Question 7

What is stratified sampling?

Answer 7

Stratified Sampling- putting 🎯 population- categories- randomly sample each category- 👍 proportion

Question 8

What are the evaluation points of stratified sampling?

Answer 8

Advantages:
1) All groups of 🎯 population included … sample representative to entire 🎯 population

Disadvantages:
1) ⏰ consuming- categories identified & calculated – details needed of 🎯 population

Question 9

What is opportunity sampling?

Answer 9

Opportunity Sampling- selecting pps- readily available- willing to take part

Question 10

What are the evaluation points of opportunity sampling?

Answer 10

Advantages:
1) Easy & practical compared to stratified sampling (⏰ & expensive 💵 )

Disadvantages:

1) ⬆️ chance sample ✖️ representative
2) Sometimes ppl obliged- take part- difficult to say no- unethical

Question 11

What is volunteer sampling?

Answer 11

Volunteer Sampling- pps volunteer to take part- researchers advertise study

Question 12

What are the evaluation points of volunteer sampling?

Answer 12

Advantages:
1) Saves ⏰ & effort- researcher advertises & waits for pps- ✖️ need to ask & ✖️ commitment issues

Disadvantages:
1) ⬆️ chance sample ✖️ represent 🎯 population (volunteer bias)

Question 13

What are the 5 types of sampling?

Answer 13

1) Random
2) Systematic
3) Opportunity
4) Volunteer
5) Stratified