Leukocytes: Maturation and Function

Question 1

What cells do Myelopoiesis include?

Answer 1

• Neutrophils
• Eosinophils
• Basophils
• Monocytes

Question 2

What are the three Granulocytes?

Answer 2

• Neutrophils
• Eosinophils
• Basophils

Question 3

What is the storage and delivery of granulocytes?

Answer 3

• Stored in Bone marrow for 7-11 days

- Stored in peripheral blood for 7 hours (1/2 circulate, 1/2 marginate)

Question 4

Granulocyte Maturation

Answer 4

• Myeloblast
• Promyelocyte
• Myelocyte
• Metamyelocyte
• Band
• Segmented (Polymorphonuclear) Cell

Question 5

Neutrophils

Answer 5

• migrate to areas of tissue damage/infection
• Phagocytize and kill invading organisms
• 55-65% of leukocytes

Question 6

Eosinophil

Answer 6

• associated with allergic reactions, parasitic infections, and chronic inflammation
• Granules have cytotoxic effect on parasites and bacteria, stimulate release of histamine from basophils and mast cells
• 2-8% of leukocytes

Question 7

Basophil

Answer 7

• Mediate inflammatory responses, especially hypersensitivity and allergic responses
• Enzymes contained in granules are vasoactive, bronchoconstrictive, and chemotactic
• 0-1% of leukocytes

Question 8

Monopoiesis

Answer 8

• Monoblast
• Promonocyte
• Monocyte

Question 9

Macrophage

Answer 9

• present antigents to T cells and B cells
• phagocytize
• large (40-50 micron)
• 3.5 times more circulation than marginating

Question 10

Monocyte

Answer 10

• initiate immune response
• transform to macrophages in tissues
• remain in bloodstream for 30 hours before entering tissue
• 2-8% leukocytes

Question 11

Monocytosis

Answer 11

• neoplastic disorders (CML, CMML, Hodgkins)
• inflammation
• immune disease
• collagen disease
• infection (TB, syphilis)

Question 12

Lymphopoiesis

Answer 12

• Lymphoblast
• Prolymphocyte
• Lymphocyte

Question 13

Lymphocyte

Answer 13

• regulate immune response
• B cells
• T cells
• NK cells
• 25-35% leukocytes

Question 14

B cells

Answer 14

• lymphocyte
• humoral response
• derived from bone marrow

Question 15

T cells

Answer 15

• lymphocyte
• cellular response
• derived from thymus
• T helper (CD4)
• T cytotoxic (CD8)

Question 16

Reactive Lymphocytes

Answer 16

• lymphocyte transform in response to stimuli
• reactive lymphocytes
• plasma cells
• kinda looks like they are converting into blast-like form

Question 17

Lymphocytosis

Answer 17

• Viral disorders (infectious mono, chix pox, measles)
• Pertussis
• Toxoplasmosis
• Malignant lymphoproliferative disorders