LF 1

Question 1

“hong kong has been part of territory or china since ancient times” evidence ?

Answer 1

customs are traditions
language
blood relations

Question 2

the question of hong Kong

Answer 2

the three unequal treaties
the treaty of nanking
the convention of peking
the convention for the extension of hong kong territory

Question 3

china would decide on when and how to

Answer 3

recover the region occupied by Britain
resume the exercise of sovereignty of hk to safeguard national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity

Question 4

background of the unequal treaties

Answer 4

1. western countries started colonial expansion
2. hk had a special important position of coastal defense, transportation and geographical location

Question 5

singing of the treaty on Nanking

Answer 5

1. britain smuggled large amount of opium in to china to reverse its disadvantage in trade which harmed health and corrupted social values
2. “the destruction of opium at humen”
   sino-british relations worsened
   britain used this as an excuse to send troops to protect britain’s business interests -> first opium war
3. 1942
   british troops forced the qing gov. to sign the first unequal treaty and ceded hk island to britain

Question 6

signing of the convention of peking

Answer 6

1. britain wanted to expand its intrests in china + the arrow incident (joined by france) -> sent troops to china and started the 2nd opium war
2. 1860
   anglo-french troops captured the capital peking and bring yuanmignyuan -> qing gov. forced to sign treaty and ceded the south of kowloon peninsula and stonecutter islands to britain

Question 7

singing of the convention for the extension of hong kong territory

Answer 7

1. britain wanted to expand its border in hk
2. china lost in sino-japanese war -> status dropped
3. great powers started to scramble for concessions (Britain took the chance)
4. britain forcibly leased the new territories for 99 years

Question 8

why were the three treaties unlawful?

Answer 8

1. negotiation process
   military aggression + forced the qing gov. to sign -> under pressure
2. content of treaties
   3rd
   leader -> X rent
   china did not get reasonable compensation
3. integrity of national interests
   “lease” -> hk area occupied by britain through wars were originally part of chinese territory -> seriously violated china’s sovereignty and territorial integrity

Question 9

concept of 1C2S

Answer 9

• solves the question of hk
• proposed by dengxiaoping
• hk remains capitalist system

Question 10

1982

Answer 10

sino-british negotiations

Question 11

1984

Answer 11

signing the sino-british joint declaration

Question 12

1985

Answer 12

the NPC approved the Sino-British joint declaration

Question 13

1 july 1985

Answer 13

The basic law drafting committee officially established and started to draft

Question 14

1990 4 April

Answer 14

the NPC passes the basic law of HKSAR

Question 15

significance of the enactment of basic law

Answer 15

explains the basic policies of china regarding hk

Question 16

establishment of the HKSAR

Answer 16

july 1 1997

Question 17

significance of hk’s return to china

Answer 17

1. resolved to question of hk
   safeguard the country’s sovereignty and territorial integrity
2. maintaining hk’s prosperity and stability