Frontier Airlines A320 > Limitations > Flashcards

Limitations Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the approach categories for Frontier’s aircraft?

A
  • Category C: A/C 230-299, 301-399, 402-499, & 601-699
  • Category D: A/C 701-799

Each aircraft is certificated in only one approach category and cannot be flown to the minimums of a slower approach category.

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2
Q

What is Frontier’s stabilized approach policy?

A

1,000 AFE
* Steady rate of descent not to exceed 1,200 FPM
* On the correct lateral path
* On the correct vertical path
* In the final landing configuration
* Absent any GPWS Warnings and Cautions

500 AFE
* Landing Checklist Completed
* Steady rate of descent not to exceed 1,000 FPM
* Within -5 to +15 knots of target speed for approach
* Thrust stabilized, usually above idle

RNAV (RNP) lateral and vertical approach parameters are more restrictive; refer to Section 6.15 RNAV (RNP) Approach for more information.

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3
Q

What are the maximum crosswind limitations for takeoff and landing?

A
  • Takeoff: 35 kts
  • Landing: 38 kts

Include gusts when applying this wind limit.

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4
Q

What are the maximum tailwind limitations for takeoff and landing for aircraft 230-299, 301-399, 402-499 & 601-699?

A
  • Takeoff: 15 kts
  • Landing: 10 kts

Include gusts when applying this wind limit.

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5
Q

What are the maximum tailwind limitations for takeoff and landing for aircraft 701-799?

A
  • Takeoff: 10 kts
  • Landing: 10 kts

Include gusts when applying this wind limit.

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6
Q

What is the maximum tire speed?

A

195 kt

This refers to the maximum ground speed.

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7
Q

What is the maximum windshield wiper operation speed?

A

230 kt

This limitation is applicable when the wipers are sweeping.

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8
Q

What is the maximum aircraft speed with the cockpit window open?

A

200 KIAS

This speed applies when the cockpit window is open.

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9
Q

What is the maximum taxi speed when making a turn for the A320 CEO when the aircraft weight is greater than 167,550 lbs?

A

20 kt during a turn

This limitation applies specifically to the A320 CEO.

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10
Q

What is the maximum altitude to start the APU using battery power only?

A

25,000 feet MSL

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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11
Q

What is the autopilot minimum engagement height after takeoff (if SRS is indicated)?

A

100 ft AGL and at least 5 s after liftoff

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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12
Q

What is the autopilot minimum engagement height enroute?

A

900 ft AGL

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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13
Q

At what height must the autopilot be turned off for an RNAV VISUAL APPROACH?

A

500 ft AGL

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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14
Q

At what height must the autopilot be turned off for Non-Precision Approaches?

A

DDA/DA

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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15
Q

At what height must the autopilot be turned off for a Non-Autoland ILS with CAT 1 FMA?

A

160 ft AGL

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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16
Q

At what height must the autopilot be turned off for a Non-Autoland ILS with CAT 2/3 FMA?

A

80 ft AGL

Refer to FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10 for detailed limitations.

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17
Q

What is the minimum height the autopilot can be engaged during a GO-Around (If SRS is indicated)?

A

100 ft AGL

Go-Around (If AP not already engaged)

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18
Q

When is an autoland required?

A

Below CAT I minimums

Autoland is briefed and flown if reported RVR/visibility is at or below 1/2 mile or 2400 RVR and all requirements can be met.

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19
Q

What is the maximum time limit to use TOGA thrust with all engines operating?

A

5 minutes

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20
Q

What is the maximum time limit to use TOGA thrust with one engine inoperative?

A

10 minutes

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21
Q

Takeoff at reduced thrust is prohibited when?

A
  • On slippery or contaminated runways
  • When suspected, reported, or known windshear is present
  • When a Special Departure Procedure specifies full thrust for takeoff

Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10

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22
Q

What is the maximum altitude that the Flaps or Slats may be extended?

A

20,000 feet MSL

Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10

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23
Q

What is the maximum wind speed for passenger door operations?

A

65 kt

Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05

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24
Q

What is the maximum wind speed for cargo door operations?

A
  • 40 kt
  • 50 kt (if the aircraft nose is into the wind or if the FWD and AFT cargo doors are on the leeward side)

Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05

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25
What must be done before the wind speed exceeds **65 kt** for cargo doors?
The FWD and AFT cargo doors must be closed ## Footnote Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05
26
What are the **flight maneuvering load acceleration limits** for clean configuration?
-1g to +2.5g ## Footnote Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05
27
What are the **flight maneuvering load acceleration limits** for other configurations (Slats and/or Flaps extended)?
0g to +2g ## Footnote Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05
28
What is the **Maximum Operational Pressure Altitude**?
39,800 ft ## Footnote Reference: FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05
29
What is the **Minimum Pressure Altitude** for Takeoff and Landing?
-2,000 ft ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
30
What is the **Maximum Pressure Altitude for Takeoff & Landing**?
9,200 ft ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
31
What is considered a **narrow runway**?
Any runway less than 148 ft/45 m wide ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
32
What is the **minimum runway width** for takeoff and landing?
* 100 ft/30 m (for aircraft 402-499, 601-699) * 148 ft/45 m (for all other aircraft) ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
33
What is the **VMO/MMO** for the A320 and A321?
350 kt/0.82 Mach ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
34
What is the maximum speed at which the landing gear may be **retracted** (VLO Retraction)?
220 kts/0.54 Mach ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
35
What is the maximum speed at which the landing gear may be **extended** (VLO Extension)?
250 kts/0.60 Mach ## Footnote Ref: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.05)
36
What is the **maximum speed** while the landing gear is extended (VLE)?
280kts/0.67 Mach ## Footnote This speed indicates the maximum operational speed with the landing gear extended.
37
True or false: The APU may be started and operated if the **LOW OIL LEVEL** advisory is displayed on the ECAM.
TRUE ## Footnote Maintenance action is required within the next 10 hours of APU operation, but a logbook entry is not required.
38
What are the **APU starter duty cycle limits**?
After three consecutive APU start attempts, wait 60 min before a new start attempt ## Footnote This limit helps prevent damage to the APU from excessive starting attempts.
39
Are you permitted to start the APU during **refueling**?
Yes, with restrictions ## Footnote If the APU failed to start or following an automatic APU shutdown, do not start the APU. If a fuel spill occurs, perform a normal APU shutdown
40
What is the **max altitude** for an **APU start using normal electrics**?
39,000 feet MSL ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
41
What is the **max altitude** to use the APU to supply electrical power with **one pack operating**?
22,500 feet MSL ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
42
What is the **max altitude** to use the APU for an **engine start**?
20,000 feet MSL ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
43
What is the **max altitude** to use the APU to supply electrical power with **both packs operating**?
15,000 feet MSL ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
44
Is the use of **APU bleed air for wing anti-ice** permitted?
No ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
45
The use of **AP or FD** in _______ mode is not permitted inside the FAF or below 1000 ft AGL on a visual approach
OPEN DES DES ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
46
Autolands are not authorized on runways less than _______ feet wide?
148 ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
47
Autolands are approved for CONF 3 and CONF FULL. What configuration is recommended for all autolands in order to maximize forward slant range visibility?
CONF FULL ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
48
Autolands are prohibited if braking action is reported less than _______.
Medium ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
49
What conditions must be satisfied to conduct an **autoland approach**?
* CAT II/III runway * CAT II/III aircraft * CAT II/III trained crew * Appropriate ground facilities operational * Wind within limits * Braking action medium or better ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
50
If one or more of the autoland requirements cannot be met, may an approach still be conducted if the weather is below ½ mile or 2400 RVR?
Yes ## Footnote If one of the autoland requirements cannot be met (e.g. strong crosswind), a non-autoland CAT I approach may be conducted down to our lowest authorized CAT I minimums (i.e., 1800 RVR or as published). Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
51
When should you use LOW vs. Medium autobrakes for an autoland? Are autobrakes required for all CAT III approaches?
*Runway less than 8,000ft—MEDIUM *Runway 8,000ft or longer—LOW or MEDIUM ## Footnote Reference: (FOM VOL. II, Section 2.10)
52
What are the **autoland wind limitations** for aircraft 230-299, 301-399, 402-499, 701-799?
* Headwind: 30 Knots * Crosswind: 15 Knots * Tailwind: 10 Knots * Wind Correction: 5 to 15 Knots ## Footnote Include gusts when applying these wind limits. The wind limitation is based on the surface winds reported by ATC.
53
What is the **minimum engine oil quantity** required prior to each flight for aircraft 230-299 & 701-799?
9.5 qt + .5 qt per every hour of estimated flight time ## Footnote The minimum oil quantity is the highest of: 10.6 qt, or 9.0 qt + .5 qt per every hour of estimated flight time.
54
What is the **minimum engine oil quantity** required prior to each flight for aircraft 301-399?
10.6 qt ## Footnote The minimum oil quantity is the highest of: 10.6 qt, or 9.0 qt + .5 qt per every hour of estimated flight time.
55
What is the **minimum engine oil quantity** required prior to each flight for aircraft 402-499 and 601-699?
* OAT at or above -30° C: 14 qt * OAT below -30° C: 16.5 qt ## Footnote The minimum oil quantity is the highest of: 10.6 qt, or 9.0 qt + .5 qt per every hour of estimated flight time.
56
What is the **minimum oil temperature** to start the engines?
-40° C ## Footnote This temperature is critical for ensuring proper engine function during startup.
57
What is the **minimum fuel** for takeoff?
Not specified ## Footnote The minimum fuel requirement is crucial for safe takeoff and flight operations.
58
For autoland, if the wind displayed on the ND exceeds the limitations but the tower reports surface winds within limitations, what should be done?
The autoland approach may continue to landing ## Footnote If the tower reports a surface wind that exceeds the limitations, the CAT II/III autoland is not authorized.
59
What are the **autoland wind limitations** for aircraft 601-699
*Headwind 15kts *Crosswind 10kts *Tailwind 10kts *Wind Correction 5 to 15 knots
60
What is the **minimum fuel for takeoff**?
3,300 lbs ## Footnote The ECAM alerts related to fuel low level in the wing tanks must not appear for takeoff.
61
When might you consider **inhibiting the ROPS function**?
* For specific approach procedures identified as producing undue ROW alerts * When a runway is incompatible with ROPS by CBI or AlP * If a NOTAM displaces the landing threshold ## Footnote ROPS may be inhibited when the aircraft position is less than 15NM from the airfield.
62
How do you **inhibit the ROPS function** for A/C 394-399, 402-499 & 601-699?
ROW/ROP pb-sw set to OFF on SURV panel ## Footnote This action is necessary for specific approach procedures.
63
How do you **inhibit the ROPS function** for A/C 389-393?
TERR pb set to OFF on GPWS panel ## Footnote This is required when the runway is incompatible with ROPS.
64
What does inhibiting the ROPS function also inhibit?
Terrain Warning function of the TAWS ## Footnote This procedure should only be used under exceptional circumstances.
65
What is the **cabin differential pressure** limit for negative pressure?
-1.0 psi ## Footnote This indicates the maximum negative pressure allowed in the cabin.
66
What is the **cabin differential pressure** limit for positive pressure?
9.0 psi ## Footnote This indicates the maximum positive pressure allowed in the cabin.
67
When should the **RAM AIR INLET** be opened?
Only if differential pressure is lower than 1 PSI ## Footnote If P is greater than 1 psi, the check valve downstream will not open.
68
What is prohibited when using the **PACKs** with the **LP Air Conditioning Unit**?
Using conditioned air from both at the same time ## Footnote This is to prevent adverse effects on the Air Conditioning system.
69
What is the consequence of using an external **HP air cart** with the PACKs?
It is PROHIBITED ## Footnote The external HP air cart may be contaminated with oil and is not designed for long durations.
70
What should not be used simultaneously with **APU BLEED**?
HP Air Start Unit ## Footnote This is to prevent adverse effects on the Bleed Air System.
71
For how long can the aircraft electrical system be powered without a cooling system when the outside air temperature is above 49°C?
2 hours ## Footnote Exceeding this time without cooling may lead to overheating.
72
What is the maximum **Glideslope Deviation** for autoland performance limits below 500 ft?
< one dot ## Footnote This is a critical parameter for ensuring proper autoland functionality.
73
What is the maximum **Localizer Deviation** for autoland performance limits below 500 ft?
< 1/4 dot ## Footnote Maintaining this deviation is essential for accurate lateral guidance during autoland.
74
What is the maximum allowable **Airspeed** deviation for autoland performance limits below 500 ft?
+5 knots of target ## Footnote This ensures the aircraft remains within safe operational parameters.
75
What is the maximum **Rate of Descent** for autoland performance limits below 500 ft?
1000 fpm ## Footnote Exceeding this rate could compromise the safety of the landing.
76
What is the minimum **Airspeed** that must not be exceeded during autoland?
not below VLS ## Footnote VLS refers to the minimum safe speed to maintain control of the aircraft.
77
What is the maximum **Bank** angle allowed during autoland performance limits below 500 ft?
not to exceed 7° ## Footnote This limit helps maintain stability during the approach.
78
What is the acceptable **Pitch** range during autoland performance limits below 500 ft?
-2.5° ≤ Pitch ≤ 10° ## Footnote This range is crucial for maintaining the correct attitude during landing.
79
Are **single engine autoland approaches** approved for the Airbus A320 series?
Yes, but only under specific conditions ## Footnote Frontier Airlines prohibits initiation, but emergency authority may allow it if deemed safest.
80
In what configuration are single engine autoland approaches approved by the AFM?
CONFIG FULL ## Footnote This configuration is necessary for safe operation with an engine inoperative.
81
Is the use of the **CPDLC system** authorized for certain aircraft?
No, it is not authorized ## Footnote Specifically for aircraft A/C 230-232, 402-499, 603-699.
82
What is the maximum continuous load per **generator**?
100% (90 kVA) ## Footnote This limit ensures the generator operates within safe parameters.
83
What is the maximum continuous load per **TR**?
200 amps ## Footnote Adhering to this limit is essential for electrical system integrity.
84
What is the **maximum continuous engine oil temperature** for A/C 230-299, 301-399, & 701-799?
140° C ## Footnote This temperature is critical for ensuring proper engine function.
85
What is the **maximum transient engine oil temperature** for A/C 230-299, 301-399, & 701-799?
155° C ## Footnote This temperature can be sustained for up to 15 minutes.
86
What is the **minimum starting temperature** for A/C 230-299, 301-399, & 701-799?
-40° C ## Footnote This is the lowest temperature at which the engine can be started.
87
What is the **minimum temperature before takeoff** for A/C 230-299, 301-399, & 701-799?
19° C ## Footnote This temperature must be reached before takeoff.
88
What is the **maximum engine oil temperature** for A/C 402-499, 601-699?
151° C ## Footnote This temperature is critical for ensuring proper engine function.
89
What is the **minimum starting temperature** for A/C 402-499, 601-699?
-40° C ## Footnote This is the lowest temperature at which the engine can be started.
90
What is the **minimum temperature before takeoff** for A/C 402-499, 601-699?
52° C ## Footnote This temperature must be reached before takeoff.
91
What is the **maximum engine RPM** for N1 in normal operation?
100% ## Footnote This is the standard operational limit for N1.
92
What is the **maximum engine RPM** for N1 permitted?
105% ## Footnote This is the maximum limit that can be exceeded under certain conditions.
93
What is the **maximum engine RPM** for N2 in normal operation?
100% ## Footnote This is the standard operational limit for N2.
94
What is the **maximum engine RPM** for N2 permitted?
105% ## Footnote This is the maximum limit that can be exceeded under certain conditions.
95
What constitutes **one cycle** of the engine starter duty cycle for A/C 230-299 & 701-799?
A standard automatic start that includes up to three start attempts ## Footnote This defines the operational limits for starting the engine.
96
What is the required **pause** between successive ground start cycles? *A/C 230-299* *A/C 700-799*
20 s ## Footnote This pause is necessary to prevent overheating of the starter.
97
What is the required **cooling period** after four failed cycles? *A/C 230-299* *A/C 700-799*
15 min ## Footnote This cooling period is necessary to protect the starter from damage.
98
The starter must not be run when N2 is above _______. *A/C 230-299* *A/C 700-799*
20% ## Footnote This limit is crucial for safe engine starting procedures.
99
What is the **standard automatic start** procedure for A/C 402-499, 601-699?
Includes up to two start attempts, considered one cycle ## Footnote For ground starts (automatic or manual), a 35 s pause is required between successive cycles.
100
What is the required **cooling period** after three failed cycles or 15 min of continuous crank? A/C 402-499, 601-699
15 min ## Footnote The starter must not be run when N2 is above 20%.
101
Is the **Crossbleed Engine Start** procedure allowed during pushback operations?
Prohibited ## Footnote This is a safety measure to prevent potential hazards.
102
What is the rule regarding **reverse thrust** selection in flight?
Prohibited ## Footnote Backing the aircraft with reverse thrust is not permitted.
103
What is the maximum reverse thrust usage limit below **70 knots**?
Idle reverse is allowed down to aircraft stop ## Footnote Maximum reverse will not be used below 70 knots.
104
When is reverse thrust authorized to reduce **taxi speed**?
Except in an emergency, not authorized ## Footnote This rule is in place to ensure safety during taxiing.
105
What is the **GA SOFT mode** rule for A/C 301-399, 402-499, 601-699?
Prohibited with one engine inoperative ## Footnote This is to ensure safe operation of the aircraft.
106
What is the crosswind limit for **engine start** on A/C 301-399?
Up to 45 kt ## Footnote This allows for safe engine operation in windy conditions.
107
What is the **engine crosswind limit** at takeoff for A/C 301-399?
35 kt (gust included) ## Footnote This limit is critical for safe takeoff operations.
108
True or false: The maximum fuel imbalance values can be exceeded in **exceptional conditions** without significant effect on aircraft handling.
TRUE ## Footnote In cases like fuel system failure, the aircraft remains fully controllable.
109
What is the **maximum operating pressure** for hydraulics?
3200 psi ## Footnote This pressure limit is crucial for the safe operation of hydraulic systems.
110
Define **icing conditions**.
* OAT on the ground and for takeoff is at or below 10 °C * Operating on ramps, taxiways, or runways with surface snow, standing water, or slush ## Footnote Icing conditions can lead to engine ingestion of snow or slush, or freezing on engines and sensors.
111
What is the definition of **severe ice accretion**?
Ice accumulation on the airframe reaches approximately 5 mm (0.2 in) thick or more ## Footnote Severe ice accretion can significantly affect aircraft performance and safety.
112
What is the **definition of thin hoarfrost**?
A white crystalline deposit that develops uniformly on exposed surfaces on cold and cloudless nights ## Footnote It is so thin that surface features can be distinguished beneath it.
113
When should the **rain repellent** be used by the Flight Crew?
In the case of moderate to heavy rain ## Footnote This ensures optimal visibility and safety during flight operations.
114
What is the **maximum brake temperature** for takeoff with brake fans off?
300° C ## Footnote Refer to Section 5.50 for brake temperature limitations requiring maintenance actions.
115
True or false: The braking system is designed to hold the aircraft stationary when high thrust is applied on at least one engine.
FALSE ## Footnote The flight crew must ensure the aircraft remains stationary during ground procedures requiring thrust increase with braking.
116
What are the **taxi speed limitations** for deflated tires?
* Maximum one tire per gear deflated: 7 kt during turn * Two tires deflated on the same main gear: 3 kt * Maximum nosewheel steering angle: 30° ## Footnote These limitations apply to ensure safety while taxiing.
117
What action must the flight crew take if **tire damage** is suspected?
Request an aircraft inspection prior to vacating the runway or taxiway ## Footnote This is to ensure safety and prevent further damage.
118
What is the **maximum nosewheel steering angle** for towbarless towing?
85° ## Footnote This applies to accepted towbarless towing vehicles.
119
What is the minimum navigation equipment required to enter **RNAV 10 airspace**?
* Two FMGCs (or one FMGC and one BACK UP NAV) * Two MCDUs * Two IRS * Two NDs (temporary display of ND information via PFD/ND switch permitted on one side) * One GPS (if flight time outside radio navaid coverage is longer than 6.2 hours from IRS ground alignment or 5.7 hours from last FM position update) ## Footnote This equipment ensures compliance with **RNP-10** navigation performance requirements.
Frontier Airlines A320
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