what are lipid properties?
lipids are not polymers and there are thousands of lipids
what are the different lipid functions?
1) cell membrane component
2) energy storage
3) light abosrbing pigments
4) electron carriers
5) hormones
6) intracellular messengers
7) lipid anchors
8)enzyme cofactors
9)protein folding chapperons
out of the 9 lipid functions which ones contain fatty acid in its structure?
1)cell membrane components
2)energy storage
3)light absorbing pigments
4)intracellular messengers
5)lipid anchors
what are fatty acids ?what are its properties ?
- fatty acid contains a carboxyl attatched to a hydrocarbon chain
- the hydrocarbon chain can be anywhere from 4-36 hydrocarbons long
- fatty acids are charged (the carboxyl is charged)
- fatty acids can be saturated (no double bonds)or unstaurated (double bonds)
- they are ampipathic(polar head,non polar tail)
what are the differences between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids?
unsaturated= double bonds prevent tight packing , mono or polyunsaturated , liquid at room temp,is a cis isomer
saturated= no double bonds, tight packing and straight chains, solid at room temp
what are TAGS?what are properties of TAGS?
TAGS(tricylglycerol ) are three fatty acids linked to a glycerol via a dehydration rxn
TAGS are non polar and have no charge
the fatty acid chains can be different ie. smaller ,larger than one another
where are TAGS found and what are its functions ?
- TAGS not in the membrane,
- highly reduced so it oxides and makes ATP
- TAGS are stored in adipocytes which are fat cells and are used for energy storage
almost all fats and oils that have a fatty acid in their structure are called ?
fatty acid derivatives
how do fatty acids link with other molecules ?
it links to other groups via ester or amide linkages but if the carboxyl is free its ionized
what is an acyl chain ?
when a fatty acid is linked to something via an ester or amide linkage it is called an acyl chain
what are the key membrane lipids?
spingholipids ,cholestrol and glycerolphospholids
what are glycerolphospholipids?
include common head groups, how to name the gylcerolphospholipid
its a phospholipid with a glycerol backbone
it has common heads such as serine,choline and ethanolamine
the head groups have charged functional groups
you name it by saying phosphodityl blank
what is cholestrol?
include what the hydroxyl group aligns itself with
large membrane component
four fused non polar rings,one polar hydroxyl group anf small hyrdrocarbon chain
its hydroxyl group aligns witht he polar phospholipid heads
what are spingophospholipids ?
include its shape ,size and what allows linkage
it has the second most important membrane backbone known as spingosine
contains a NH2 and HC chain
its larger than glycerol and has an L shape
one fatty acid links to spingosine via amide linkage
what is a sphingomyelin ?
include what makes up 50 percent of the membrane mass
it is a spingholipid with a head group of phosphate and choline
its both a phospholipid and spingholipid but not a glycerolphospholipid
Spinghomyelin and phosphoditylcholine and phosphoditylserine and phosphoditylethanolamine make up 50 percentof the lipids mass
what is the head group of other spingolipids called ?
the other head group of singolipids is one or more polar monoscharrides
this makes it a glycolipids and a sphingolipid
