What do all lipids contain?
Hydrocarbons
What are the 2 types of lipids?
- Triglycerides
2. Phospholipds
What are triglycerides made from?
1 Glycerol
3 Fatty acids
What are the fatty acids made from?
Hydrocarbons
What is special about the fatty acid’s tail?
They are hydrophobic (This makes the lipids insoluble in water)
What are the 2 types of fatty acids?
- Saturated
2. Unsaturated
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
- Saturated fatty acids DON’T have any double bonds between the carbon atoms.
- Unsaturated fatty acids HAVE double bonds between their carbon atoms.
What reaction forms a triglyceride?
Condensation reaction
What bond forms between a fatty acid and a glycerol?
Ester bond
What molecule is realeased when the ester bond forms?
Water molecule
What type of lipid is found in the cell membrane?
Phospholipid
What is a phospholipid made from?
1 Glycerol
2 Fatty aids
1 Phosphate group
What is special about the phosphate group?
It is hydrophilic
What are the benefits of triglycerides?
- Used as energey storage molecules
2. They don’t affect water potential (Because theyre insoluble)
What is the test for lipids?
The emulsion test
How is the emulsion test carried out?
- Ethanol is added to the sample in a test tube
- Distilled water is added
The lipids present should turn a milky colour.
