Logic

Question 1

Study of Reasoning

Answer 1

LOGIC

Question 2

Sentences or expressions that are not arbitrary but are the ones that are either true or false, but not both

Answer 2

PROPOSITIONS

Question 3

Mathematical model that allows us to reason about truth and falsehood of logical expressions

Answer 3

PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC

Question 4

Area of logic that deals with proposition. Developed by Greek philosopher, Aristotle

Answer 4

PROPOSITIONAL CALCULUS

Question 5

The methods of producing new propositions from existing ones were discussed by English Mathematician ___________ in his book _________

Answer 5

GEORGE BOOLE, THE LAWS OF THOUGHT

Question 6

Letters are used to denote ________ variables

Answer 6

PROPOSITIONAL VARIABLE

Question 7

Are used to build complex or compound propositions from simpler ones

Answer 7

LOGICAL CONNECTIVES OR OPERATORS

Question 8

A logical operator is that is applies to only a single proposition

Answer 8

UNARY

Question 9

A logical operator that is applies to two propositions

Answer 9

BINARY

Question 10

Give an example of unary operator

Answer 10

NEGATIION

Question 11

A unary logical connective that takes the proposition p to another proposition which means not p

Answer 11

NEGATION OPERATOR

Question 12

“It is not the case of P”

Answer 12

NEGATION OPERATOR

Question 13

A binary logical connective that when applied to two propositions p and q, will yield “p and q”

Answer 13

CONJUNCTION

Question 14

A binary logical connective that when a applied, will yield ‘p or q’

Answer 14

Disjunction

Question 15

the disjunction pVq is the proposition that is true when EITHER P IS TRUE, Q IS TRUE, OR BOTH ARE TRUE, AND FALSE OTHERWISE is called

Answer 15

Inclusive OR

Question 16

A proposition that is TRUE iF EXACTLY ONE OF P OR Q IS TRUE, BUT NOT BOTH.

Answer 16

Exclusive OR

Question 17

A ___ or ___ operator is a binary logical connective that yields ‘if p then q’

Answer 17

CONDITIONAL OR IMPLICATION OPERATOR

Question 18

In a conditional proposition, p is called the _____ (3 terms)

Answer 18

PREMISE, HYPOTHESIS, ANTECEDENT

Question 19

In a conditional proposition, q is called the _____ (2 terms)

Answer 19

CONCLUSION or CONSEQUENT

Question 20

The implication ____ is the proposition that is false precisely when p is true but q is false. MEANING IF THE PREMISE IS SATISFIES THAN IT FOLLOWS THAT THE CONCLUSION SHOULD HAPPEN

Answer 20

p-> q

Question 21

Is a condition that suffices to guarantee a particular outcome

Answer 21

SUFFICIENT CONDITION

Question 22

If the condition does not hold, the outcome might be achieved in another way OR if the condition does hold, the outcome is guaranteed (WHAT CONDITION IS THIS?)

Answer 22

SUFFICIENT CONDITION

Question 23

A condition that is necessary for the particular outcome be achieved

Answer 23

NECESSARY CONDITION

Question 24

p cannot be true unless q is true OR if q is false then p is false (WHAT CONDITION IS THIS)

Answer 24

NECESSARY CONDITION

Question 25

~p -> ~q

Answer 25

INVERSE

Question 26

q -> p

Answer 26

CONVERSE

Question 27

~q -> ~p

Answer 27

CONTRAPOSITIVE

Question 28

p if and only if q (give the two terms)

Answer 28

BICONDITIONAL OR MATERIAL EQUIVALENCE

Question 29

for p and q to be trues, p and q should both be true or both false

Answer 29

BICONDITIONAL

Question 30

the equivalent statement of biconditional operation is (in terms of p and q)

Answer 30

(p>q)A(q>p)

Question 31

Represent relationship between the truth values of propositions and the formed compound propositions

Answer 31

TRUTH TABLES

Question 32

List of all possible combinations and their corresponding output truth value once evaluated

Answer 32

TRUTH TABLE

Question 33

formula for all possible values of combinations

Answer 33

n=2^k

Question 34

Is composed of a sequence of statement called premise and concludion

Answer 34

ARGUMENT

Question 35

A class of compound propositions that are ALWAYS TRUE for all possible combinations of truth values

Answer 35

TAUTOLOGY

Question 36

is the opposite of tautology. it is a compound proposition that is always false (2 terms)

Answer 36

CONTRADICTION OR ABSURDITY

Question 37

Compound values that have the same truth values in all possible combinations are called ____

Answer 37

LOGICALLY EQUIVALENT

Question 38

Pertains to rules that can be used as building blocks to construct more complicated valid arguments

Answer 38

RULES OF INFERENCE

Question 39

method of affirming (q)

Answer 39

modus ponens or law of detachment

Question 40

p>r

Answer 40

Hypothethical syllogism

Question 41

Method of denying ~p

Answer 41

Modus tollens

Question 42

A valid argument that established the truth of a mathematical statement of the truth of a theorem

Answer 42

PROOF

Question 43

shows that a conditional statement p>q is true by showing that IF P IS TRUE, THEN Q MUST ALSO BE TRUE. the combination of p is true and q is false never occurs

Answer 43

Direct proof

Question 44

to prove that p>q is true, it should be known that P IS FALSE. p>q is only true when p is false

Answer 44

VACUOUS PROOF

Question 45

to prove that p>q is true, it should be known that Q IS true. p>q is only true when q is true

Answer 45

TRIVIAL PROOF

Question 46

Puzzles that can be solved using logical reasoning

Answer 46

Logic puzzles

Question 47

Are the basic building blocks of any digital dydtem

Answer 47

LOGIC GATES

Question 48

Combination of propositions

Answer 48

Logical arguments

Question 49

combinations of switches that control the flow of current

Answer 49

CIRCUITS

Question 50

is an algebra that deals with binary variables and logical operations

Answer 50

BOOLEAN ALGEBRA

Question 51

States that every algebraic expression deducible form the postulates of boolean algebra remains valid of the operators and identity elements are interchanged

Answer 51

DUALITY PRINCIPLE

Question 52

______ have the property of creating any logic gate of any Boolean expression by combining them

Answer 52

universal gates

Question 53

Give an example of universal gates

Answer 53

NOR and NAND

Question 54

This refers to high value (1) 2 terms

Answer 54

NORMAL VARIABLE (PRIMED)

Question 55

This refers to low value (0) 2 terms

Answer 55

INVERTIBLE (UNPRIMED)