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Loire Valley Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the source and mouth of the Loire River?

A

Source is in the Massif Central in the South of France, and the mouth is in Nantes where it flows into the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean)

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2
Q

What are 2 of the major environmental risks across the Loire Valley?

A

Spring frosts
Hailstorms

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3
Q

Which outstanding vintages helped the Loire Valley make a name for itself?

A

1995, 1996
2002, 2005

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4
Q

What are the 3 dominant white grapes of the Loire Valley?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Chenin Blanc
Melon de Bourgogne

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5
Q

What are the 5 accessory white grapes of the Loire Valley?

A

Chardonnay
Orbois (Arbois)
Romorantin
Gros Plant
Chasselas

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6
Q

What is the main red grape of the Loire?

A

Cabernet Franc

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7
Q

Other than Cabernet Franc, which other red grapes are found in the Loire Valley?

A

Pinot Noir
Malbec (Cot)
Gamay
Pineau d’Aunis
Groslot

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8
Q

What are the appellations known as the Central Vineyards in the Loire?

A

Pouilly Fume (Pouilly-sur-Loire)
Sancerre
Menetou-Salon
Quincy
Reuilly
Orleans

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9
Q

What is the grape of Pouilly Fume?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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10
Q

What are the soils of Pouilly Fume?

A

Based off limestone with flint and a mixture of marlstone and clay

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11
Q

What is Silex?

A

A soil based off a mix of silica, limestone, and flint clay

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12
Q

What is the name of the AC wine made from Chasselas in Pouilly Fume?

A

Pouilly-sur-Loire

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13
Q

What are the 2 grapes of Sancerre?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir

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14
Q

How much of Sancerre’s production is dedicated to red and rose wine?

A

25%

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15
Q

What are the 3 main soil types of Sancerre?

A

Terre Blanche - Kimmeridgian clay with a sticky clay topsoil over limestone
Caillots - small stones over limestone
Silex

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16
Q

Which of Sancerre’s soils is considered best for Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir respectively?

A

Terre Blanche for Sauvignon Blanc
Silex for Pinot Noir

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17
Q

What are typical tasting aromas for Sancerre?

A

Steely and citrusy, often with a bouquet of green wood or leaves from a blackcurrant bush or fresh cut grass

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18
Q

What are the grapes of Menetou-Salon?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Gamay

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19
Q

What are the soils of Menetou-Salon?

A

Kimmeridgian limestone

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20
Q

What wines does Quincy produce?

A

White wines based off Sauvignon Blanc

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21
Q

What are the soils of Quincy?

A

Sand and gravel

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22
Q

What are the grapes of Reuilly?

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris

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23
Q

What are the grapes of Orleans?

A

Pinot Noir
Pinot Meunier
Chardonnay

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24
Q

What wines are produce from Orleans Clery AOC?

A

Red wines from Cabernet Franc

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25
What is the climate of Touraine?
Continental
26
What are the dominant soils of Touraine?
Limestone and clay over Tuffeau
27
What is Tuffeau?
Soft, porous limestone formed during the Cretaceous period
28
What are the 2 forms of Tuffeau?
Tuffeau Blanc - chalkier and firmer Tuffeau Jaune - sandier and softer
29
What makes Tuffeau soils desirable?
They strike a perfect balance between drainage and water retention
30
What is the local name for Chenin Blanc in Touraine?
Pineau de Loire
31
What are the appellations of Touraine?
Cheverney Vouvray Montlouis Loir Valley Bourgueil St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil Chinon
32
When was Cherney given its AC status?
1993
33
What are blending rules for white Cheverney?
Blends must consist of a minimum of 15% Sauvignon Blanc, a maximum 15% Chardonnay, as well as Chenin Blanc and Arbois
34
What are the blends of red Cheverney?
40-65% Gamay, Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir, and Cot
35
What grape is used for Cour-Cheverny?
Romorantin
36
What are the grapes of Vouvray?
Chenin Blanc and a small amount of Arbois
37
What method is used to make the sparkling wines of Vouvray?
Methode Traditionelle
38
What does petillant and moesseux mean?
Lightly sparkling and sparkling
39
Which soil is key in Vouvray?
Tuffeau
40
What are typical aromas of Vouvray in youth?
Acacia blossom Quince Green apples
41
Where is Montlouis situated?
South bank of the Loire River facing Vouvray
42
What grape is used in Montlouis?
Chenin Blanc
43
What are the soils of Montlouis?
Gravelly, free-draining topsoil on a deep bed of tuffeau
44
What is the Loir River?
A tributary if the Loire River
45
What are the 2 ACs of Loir?
Jasnieres Coteaux du Loir
46
What are the grapes of Jasnieres AC?
Chenin Blanc
47
What are the grapes of Coteaux du Loir?
Reds: Pinot d’Aunis Cabernet Franc Cabernet Sauvignon Gamay Pinot Noir White: Chenin Blanc
48
What are the wines of Bourgueil based off?
Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
49
What are the soils of Bourgueil?
Sand and limestone
50
What are the soils of Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?
Lighter alluvial soils
51
What is the difference between the wines of Saint Nicolas de Bourgueil and Bourgueil?
Saint Nicolas is generally lighter bodied and fresher due to the lighter soils
52
What are typical tasting notes of Bourgueil?
Raspberry and green tobacco with silky tannins
53
What are the grapes of Chinon?
Red: Cabernet Franc Cabernet Sauvignon White: Chenin Blanc
54
What are the soils of Chinon?
Tuffeau, clay, and vareness
55
What is Vareness soils?
Sandy, alluvial soils close to the river
56
What are the appellations of Anjou?
Anjou Saumur Coteaux-du-Layon Savennieres
57
What are the grape requirements for dry and sweet white Anjou?
Minimum 80% Chenin Blanc
58
What are the 3 dominant red grapes of Anjou?
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and a little bit of Gamay
59
What wines are produced from Anjou-Villages?
Red wines based off Cabernet Franc with some Cabernet Sauvignon
60
What are the soils of Saumur?
Tuffeau and limestone
61
What grape are the Saumur sparkling wines made of?
Chenin Blanc
62
What are the 2 ACs for sparkling wine?
Saumur d’Origine Cremant de Loire
63
What are the sparkling roses made from?
Cabernet Franc
64
What grapes can be used under the Saumur-Champigny AC?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Pineau d’Aunis
65
What are the soils of Champigny?
Hard, iron-rich Tuffeau and limestone with shale
66
What are the best wines to come from Coteaux du Layon?
The sweet wines. The best rival those from Barsac and Germany
67
What are the important sweet wine appellations in Coteaux du Layon?
Quarts de Chaume Bonnezeux
68
What are the soils of Quarts de Chaume?
Sandstone and schist on the banks of the river
69
How many villages in Coteaux du Layon are superior enough to append their name to the wines?
7
70
Where is Savennieres located?
North bank of the Loire just south of Angers
71
What are the soils of Savennieres?
Volcanic soils mixed with blue schist
72
What is the grape of Savennieres
Chenin Blanc
73
Which 2 subregions of Savennieres were given their own appellation in 2011?
Roche Aux Moines Coulee de Serrant
74
What are the appellations of Nantais?
Muscadet AOP Muscadet de Sevre-et-Maine Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu Muscadet des Coteaux de la Loire
75
What is the grape of Muscadet?
Melon de Bourgogne
76
What is the palate of a basic Muscadet AOP wine?
Relatively neutral, bone dry, high in acid, medium alcohol
77
How much of Muscadet’s total production is sold as Muscadet de Sevre-et-Maine?
80%
78
Where is Muscadet de Sevre-et-Maine sourced from?
23 communes around the confluence of the Sevre-et-Maine rivers
79
How does Muscadet qualify to be labelled as sur-lie?
Grapes must originate from one of 3 sub-appellations Wines must be aged on the lees over the winter Wines are bottled off the fine lees without filtering between March 1 and November 30th the following year
80
When was Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu granted AOC status?
1994
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