1
Q
Tulving (1985)
A
argued the MSM of memory was too simplistic and suggested there were different types of LTM
2
Q
episodic memory
A
- personal experiences
- complex: time-stamped, emotion, people, sensory info
- conscious effort to recall info, likely to be distorted
3
Q
semantic memory
A
- general knowledge
- not time stamped
- info in schemas
- conscious effort to recall, less likely to be distorted
4
Q
procedural memory
A
- ‘how to’ memory
- actions and skills
- unconscious recall, auto actions
5
Q
explicit memory
A
- ‘knowing that’
- semantic and episodic are consciously recalled
6
Q
implicit memory
A
- ‘knowing how’
- procedural memory that can be unconsciously recalled
7
Q
LTM strengths
A
- brain scan evidence e.g. shows diff areas of brain active for diff memories
- case study evidence e.g. HM star tracing test
- practical applications e.g. Belleville- dementia patients memory training
8
Q
LTM limitations
A
- counter peel for case studies e.g. cannot generalise issues with damaged patients
9
Q
HM study
A
- asked daily to trace a star from reflection
-got faster by the day (procedural) but had no memory of doing the task before (episodic)
10
Q
issues and debates link
A
- adopts idiographic approach through varies case studies
- adopts nomothetic approach through generalising types of LTM and their regions to everyone
