Rights of employees under Canadian occupational h & s legislation
- right to know hazards present and how they affect them
- right to participate in health and safety activities
- right to refuse work dangerous to them or coworkers
Duties of employers
- take reasonable action to ensure safe workplace
- train employees how to use store handle and dispose of hazardous materials
- what to do in emergency
- supply proper PPE and how to use it
- report critical injuries immediately
- set up a jhsc
Duties of government in workplace
Resolve disputes
Inspect workplaces
Promote training and education
Enact and enforce oh&s legislation
Accident
Undesired event that results in harm to people or environment, asset damage, loss to process
Incident
Undesired event that could have resulted in an accident
What is loss control
Integrated management system that understands the events that lead to a loss.
Contains written, published, and known controls in place to prevent losses.
Besides worker safety, loss control programs encompass other $ losses:
Public safety Plant security Environmental protection Equipment integrity Consumer safety
Domino sequence model Domino 1 (including 3 reasons)
Lack of control:
- Inadequate loss control program
- Poorly defined program
- Non compliance
Domino sequence model
Domino 2 including two types
Root Causes:
- personnel factors (knowledge, skill,training, stress etc)
- work factors (tools, equipment, maint, eng)
Domino sequence model
Domino 3 including alternative terms
Immediate causes aka unsafe acts:
Terms substandard practices and substandard conditions is preferred because it takes focus off who and directs focus on loss control
-why did sub Stan condition exist
-why did sub Stan practice exist
Domino sequence model
Domino 4
Incident that precedes loss
Domino sequence model
Domino 5
Loss:
Important to note that PPE is last line of defence
4 things that lead to successful loss prevention program
- full support from senior management
- be in sync with company objectives
- involve every level of workforce
- frequent reviews of leading/lagging indicators
5 main areas of focus for loss control program
- management system inadequacies
- legislation compliance
- fire/property damage prevention
- accidents and absenteeism
- work quality and wastage
5 Loss control program manager responsibilities
- identify all possible loss exposure
- evaluate and prioritize risks
- develop risk mitigation plan
- implement the plan
- monitor and modify
4 basic management functions that apply to developing lcp
- plan
- organize
- lead
- control
5 things mechanical and boiler insurance companies can provide
- surveys of all plant equipment and related procedures
- advice for repair, construction, installation and safe operation of plant equipment
- inspection and certification of plant equipment
- assistance in developing predictive and preventive maint programs
- ndt recommendations
3 common types of plant insurance coverage
- mechanical/boiler insurance
- industrial fire/property insurance
- environmental
Who and how insurance rates are set
Set by insurance underwriters working for insurance companies. Underwriter reviews reports provided by insurance companies inspector and evaluates risks factors and impact on production. Risks determine premiums and required coverages based on company insurance policies.
Common reason insurance underwriters cite for premium increases. Internal and external.
- increasing number of claims in industry (internal factor)
- overall marketplace losses due to natural and manmade disasters (external)
5 suggested steps taken to reduce insurance rates
- lcp should be well documented and be easily presentable
- provide thorough transaction database
- ensure companies claims information up to date
- show business unit is prepared for catastrophic events
- review policy deductible to prevent small claims processing. Small losses should be assumed by company
WCB
Provide employee compensation after lost time injury at workplace. Rates paid by employer vary, depending on # of employees and performance. They promote injury prevention through financial incentives
Insurance inspector authority
Varying provincial laws require periodic inspection of boilers and pressure vessels by authorized inspectors. Some provinces allow insurance inspectors to perform inspection in lieu of provincial governing body inspector, this method reduces insurance costs because policy holder does not have to pay provincial inspection fee.
Preparing for insurance inspection
-understand inspection scope
-ensure adequate ppe available and it is used for inspection
boiler outage impact to production
-ensure qualified and competent operators and maint techs available to operate and function test equipment as per sop’s
-ensure plant wide communication pre and post inspection
