Undeleted > Lower Abdomen > Flashcards

Lower Abdomen Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

____ _____: entrance into stomach from esophagus

A

Cardiac orifice

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2
Q

_____ _____: exit of the stomach to duodenum

A

Pyloric sphincter

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3
Q

Stomach lined with _____: temporary folds w/in the body of the stomach

A

rugae

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4
Q

______ of the small intestine: fixed and relatively immoble

A

duodenum

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5
Q

____ and _____ of the small intestine: tethered, but very mobile
-combined length of 3 segments ~20ft

A

jejunum and ileum

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6
Q

_____ _____ of the small intestine: permanent folds w/in

  • become more diffuse distally
  • ileum empties into cecum at ileocecal junction
A

plicae cicularis

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7
Q

_____ (ileal) ______: remnant of embryonic yolk stalk

  • appears as a finger like pouch
  • located ~1m proximal to ileocecal valve
  • may become inflamed and mimic appendicitis
A

Meckel’s diverticulum

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8
Q

_____ ______: opens into cecum inferior to ileocecal orifice

-commonly retrocecal but varies

A

Veriform Appendix

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9
Q

Triangular mesentary=

A

mesoappendix

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10
Q

________:

  • vague pain begins in the _____ _____ region
  • -from afferent pain referred to _____ level
A

Appendicitis:

  • periumbilical region
  • T10
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11
Q

________:

  • severe pain later from R lower quadrant
  • from irritation of peritoneum of posterior abdominal wall
A

Appendicitis

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12
Q

_____:

-pain most severe over _________ pt btw ASIS and umbilicus

A

Appendicitis:

spinoumbilical pt

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13
Q

_____ _____:

  • 5 segments and 2 flexures
  • -“frames” small intestines
  • –terminates into rectum
A

Large Intestine (colon)

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14
Q

Large Intestine 5 Segments:

A
  • cecum
  • ascending
  • transverse
  • descending
  • sigmoid
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15
Q

Large Intestine 2 Flexures:

A 
R colic (hepatic)
L colic (splenic)
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16
Q

_____ _____:

-3 smooth m bands paralleling length of colon

A

teniae coli

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17
Q

____ ____:

-outpouchings produced by teniae coli

A

haustra coli

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18
Q

_____ _____:

-fat tags found along the colon

A

epiploic appendages

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19
Q

____ ____ A:

  • 2nd major branch of addominal aorta
  • ~1cm inferior of celiac
A

Superior Mesenteric A

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20
Q

_____ _____ A:

  • sends 15-18 intestinal aa to small intestines
  • supplies up to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon via ileocolic, R colic and middle colic
A

Superior Mesenteric A

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21
Q

_____ _____ A:

  • 3rd branch of abdominal aorta
  • ~5 cm superior to aortic bifurcation
Study These Flashcards
A

Inferior Mesenteric A

22
Q

____ ____A:

-supplies colon from distal 1/3 transverse colon via L colic, sigmoid, superior rectal

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A

Inferior Mesenteric A

23
Q

Pancreatic AA:
-Gastroduodenal a gives off ______ _______ aa
-SMA gives off ______ ________ aa
(anastomose and supply head of pancreas and duodenum)
-______ a supplies rest of pancreas w/ additional branches

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A

Superior Pancreaticoduodenal aa
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal aa

Splenic

24
Q

_____ AA:

  • lateral branches of abdominal aorta (lateral to SMA)
  • enter hilum of each kidney to supply it
  • sends off branches to adrenal glands and ureters
25
Other than Renal AA, ___ ___ aa and ____ branch to adrenal glands.
inferior phrenic aa and aorta
26
____ AA: | -lateral branches of abdominal aorta (inferior to renal aa)
Gonadal AA
27
___ aa: - crosses over ureters and iliac vessels - descends to pelvis to supply ovaries
Ovarian aa
28
____ aa: - crosses over ureters and enters inguinal canal - descends into scrotum to supply testes
Testicular aa
29
____ ____ ____: - largest vein in body - begins at ~L5 level at union of common iliac vv
Inferior Vena Cava
30
_____ _____ _____: -returns poorly oxygenated blood from lower limbs, most of back, abdominal wall, abdominopelvic viscera to the RIGHT ATRIUM of heart
Inferior Vena Cava
31
_____ _____ _____: | -drains blood from viscera via Portal Venous System
Inferior Vena Cava
32
Portal-Caval Anastomoses: - 4 anastomoses: 1. Gastric vv and _______
esophageal vv
33
Portal-Caval Anastomoses: - 4 anastomoses: 2. Paraumbilical vv and _______
epigastric vv
34
Portal-Caval Anastomoses: - 4 anastomoses: 3. Superior rectal vv and _______
middle/inferior rectal vv
35
Portal-Caval Anastomoses: - 4 anastomoses: 4. colic vv and _______
retroperitoneal vv
36
Portal Venous System has _____ valves -reversal of blood flow into caval vv is possible --portal hypertension restricts blood flow causing caval vv to become engorged (may then become dilated and varicose)
no
37
Dilated Caval Veins: | -dilated esophageal vv produce=
esophageal varices
38
Dilated Caval Veins: | -dilated epigastric vv produce=
caput medusae
39
Dilated Caval Veins: | -dilated inferior and middle rectal vv produce=
hemorrhoids
40
Innervation to viscera via :
autonomic n plexuses
41
Sympathetic fibers originate from __-__
T5-L2 (3) | thoracolumbar
42
Parasympathetic fibers originate from ___ and __-_
CN X and S2-4 | craniosacral
43
Sympathetics of abdomen: | -preganglionic splanchinc nn synapse in ____ ____
collateral ganglia
44
``` Sympathetics of abdomen: -postganglionic fibers leave ganglia to reach effector organs traveling on all main arterial branches: ____ ____ ____ ______ aa ____ and all their branches ```
celiac trunk SMA renal aa IMA
45
``` Parasympathetics of Abdomen: -preganglionic nerves from ____ travel on upper arterial branches= ____ ____ ____ _____ aa and all their branches ```
CN X celiac trunk SMA renal aa synapses occur w/in effector organs
46
Parasympathetics of Abdomen: -preganglionic nerves from ___-___ travel on lower arterial branches= ____ and branches
S2-S4 IMA synapses occur w/in effector organs
47
4 Major Autonomic Ganglia and Plexuses: ____ ganglion= plexus travels w. celiac branches -receives thoracic splanchinic nn and CN X branches
Celiac Ganglion
48
4 Major Autonomic Ganglia and Plexuses: _____ _____ ganglion= plexus travels w/ SMA branches -receives thoracic splanchinic nn and CN X branches
Superior Mesenteric Ganglion
49
4 Major Autonomic Ganglia and Plexuses: _____ ganglion= plexus travels w/ renal branches -receives thoracic splanchinic nn and CN X branches
Aorticorenal Ganglion
50
4 Major Autonomic Ganglia and Plexuses: _____ ganglion= plexus travels w/ IMA branches -receives lumbar splanchinic nn and S2-S4 branches
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion
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