1
Q
what makes up the bony pelvis?
A
left and right os coxa, sacrum, sacroiliac joint, symphysis pubis
2
Q
pelvic inlet
A
superior opening of true pelvis
3
Q
pelvic brim
A
boundary of pelvic inlet/superior pelvic aperture; sacral promontory, lateral part of sacrum, arcuate line, pectin pubis and pubic crest and superior margin of pubic symphysis
4
Q
true pelvis
A
pelvic region below pelvic brim
5
Q
parts of hip bone
A
ilium, ischium, pubis; joined by triradiate cartilage in young individuals
6
Q
standard anatomical position of bony pelvis
A
- symphyseal surface is parallel to the midsagittal plane
- acetabular notch downwards
- internal surfaces of pubis facing superoposteriorly
- pubic tubercle and ASIS in same coronal plane
7
Q
sexual dimorphism (5)
A
- shape of pelvic inlet: heart-shaped (males); elliptical (females)
- subpubic angle: acute (males); obtuse (females)
- greater sciatic notch: J, narrow (males); L, wide (females)
- acetabulum (directed): laterally (males); anterolaterally (females)
- curvature of sacrum: uniform (males); sharper below pelvic surface (females)
8
Q
parts of ilium
A
body, ala/wing
9
Q
features of os coxa that the ilium contributes to
A
- acetabulum (2/5)
- greater sciatic notch
10
Q
bony features of ilium
A
- crest - inner/outer lip, tubercle, intermediate area
- spine (4) - able to palpate PSIS and ASIS
11
Q
surfaces of ilium and features
A
- gluteal surface
- gluteal lines from GSN (ant, post, inf)
- internal surface
- iliac fossa
- sacropelvic surface (iliac tuberosity, auricular surface, pelvic surface - arcuate line, auricular surface, most of GSN)
12
Q
parts of ischium
A
body, single ramus
13
Q
parts of os coxa that the ischium contributes to
A
- acetabulum (2/5)
- obturator foramen
- lesser sciatic notch
- greater sciatic notch
14
Q
features of ischium
A
- greater sciatic notch (inferior border)
- ischial spine
- lesser sciatic notch
- ischial tuberosity (transverse ridge, superior oblique line, irregular vertical ridge)
- ramus
15
Q
surfaces of the ischium and its features
A
- dorsal surface
- continuous with iliac gluteal surface
- ischial tuberosity on the inferior part - femoral surface
- faces inferiorly
- bounded by acetabulum, ischial tuberosity, obturator foramen - pelvic surface
- internal, smooth
16
Q
parts of pubis
A
body, sup. and inf. ramus
17
Q
surfaces and features of pubis
A
- anterior surface
- faces anteriorly , inferiorly - pelvic surface
- faces superiorly, posteriorly - symphyseal surface
- medially located
- flatter with increasing age
18
Q
parts of the os coxa the pubis contributes to
A
acetabulum, obturator foramen
19
Q
bony features of pubis
A
- crest - superior external border
- tubercle - from crest, medial end of inguinal lig. attaches
- superior pubic ramus - iliopubic eminence, 1/5 of acetabulum, obturator crest (ant. border of SPR), pectin pubis (arcuate line to pubic crest), inferior border
- inferior pubic ramus - conjoint ramus
20
Q
median part of sacrum
A
- fusion of bodies, vertebral arches and (5) spinous processes
- includes sacral foramina
21
Q
ala of sacrum
A
- fusion of transverse processes
- incl. 2 auricular surfaces -> articulates w auricular surface of ilium to form sacroiliac joint (plane synovial)
22
Q
base of sacrum
A
sacral promontory, superior opening of sacral canal, upper surfaces of ala, 2 articular processes for L5
23
Q
features of head of femur
A
fovea - for ligament teres (not covered by articular cartilage)
24
Q
angle of femoral torsion
A
angle formed by the longitudinal axis of neck and coronal plane of femoral condyles; 10-15 deg, not much sexual dimorphism, decreases during childhood
25
angle of inclination
angle formed between longitudinal axis of neck and longitudinal axis of shaft; coxa vara - decrease, coxa valga - increase, avr 125 deg, decreases w age
26
origin of gluteus maximus
1. posterior gluteal line and roughened area posterior to it
2. iliac crest
3. posterior surfaces of lower part of sacrum and side of coccyx
4. sacrotuberous ligament
5. gluteal aponeurosis
27
insertion of gluteus maximus
1. iliotibial tract
2. gluteal tuberosity of femur
28
actions of gluteus maximus
1. extension of hip joint
2. lateral rotation of hip joint
3. abductor
4. tighten iliotibial tract
29
innervation of gluteus maximus
inferior gluteal nerve
30
origin of gluteus medius
1. gluteal surface of ilium bordered by posterior and anterior gluteal lines and iliac crest
2. gluteal aponeurosis
31
insertion of gluteus medius
lateral surface of greater trochanter
32
action of gluteus medius
1. major abductor
2. lateral rotator of hip joint
33
innervation of gluteus medius
superior gluteal nerv
34
origin of gluteus minimis
gluteal surface of ilium bordered by anterior and inferior gluteal lines
35
insertion of gluteus minimis
anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
36
actions of gluteus minimus
1. abductor of hip joint
2. medial rotator of hip
37
innervation of gluteus minimus
superior gluteal nerve
38
origin of piriformis
anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
39
insertion of piriformis
medial side of superior border of greater trochanter
40
actions of piriformis
1. lateral rotator of extended hip joint
2. abductor of flexed hip joint
41
innervation of piriformis
superior gluteal nerve
42
origin of obturator internus
1. pelvic surface of obturator membrane
2. margins of obturator foramen
3. pelvic surface of ilium
43
insertion of obturator internus
medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa
44
actions of obturator internus
1. lateral rotator of hip joint
2. abductor of flexed hip joint
45
innervation of obturator internus
nerve to obturator internus
46
origin of superior gemellus
external surface of ischial spine
47
insertion of superior gemellus
medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa
48
actions of superior gemellus
1. lateral rotator of hip joint
2.abductor of flexed hip joint
49
innervation of superior gemellus
nerve to obturator internus
50
origin of inferior gemellus
superior surface of ischial tuberosity
51
insertion of inferior gemellus
medial surface of greater trochanter just superior to trochanteric fossa
52
action of inferior gemellus
1. lateral rotator of hip joint
2. abductor of flexed hip joint
53
innervation of inferior gemellus
nerve to quadratus femoris
54
origin of quadratus femoris
lateral surface of body of ischium anterior to tuberosity
55
insertion of quadratus femoris
quadrate tubercle of femur and vertical region inferior
56
action of quadratus femoris
1. lateral rotator
2. adductor of hip joint
57
innervation of quadratus femoris
nerve to quadratus femoris
58
origin of obturator externus
1.external surface of obturator membrane
2. external margins of obturator foramen
59
insertion of obturator externus
trochanteric fossa of femur
60
action of obturator externus
lateral rotator of hip joint
61
innervation of obturator externus
obturator nerve
62
origin of psoas major
bodies and transverse processes of T12-L5 and their intervertebral discs
63
insertion of psoas major
lesser trochanter of femur
64
action of psoas major
flexor and lateral rotator of hip joint; prime mover, antagonist of gluteus maximus
65
innervation of psoas major
direct nerve fibres from the anterior rami of L1, L2 and L3
66
origin of iliacus
iliac fossa
67
insertion of iliacus
lesser trochanter of femu
68
action of iliacus
flexor and lateral rotator of hip joint; prime mover, antagonist of gluteus maximus
69
innervation of iliacus
branches of the femoral nerve
70
origin of tensor fascia latae
iliac crest between ASIS and tubercle
71
insertion of tensor fascia latae
IT tract of fascia latae
72
action of tensor fascia latae
stabilises the knee in extension
73
innervation of tensor fascia latae
superior gluteal nerve
187
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