What is a Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) system?
a demand planning process carried jointly by all supply chain trading partners from manufacturing to distribution
Which company first used CPFR?
Walmart
Which are the steps for effective CPFR?
- Each partner reviews past data and market cycles
- Collectively all partners develop a “Collaborative forecast” taking into consideration all major events like promotions, store openings or closings, NPIs ..
- Agree on the expected demand plan
- Commit with supply availability to the forecasted plan
What are the main advantages of COFR?
- Reducing bullwhip oscillations by improving integration between organizational boundaries
- Reduce supply chain cost and time
- Higher service levels
What are the main challenges introducing CPFR for the first time in a supply chain?
- All partners must feel they are gaining from collaboration
- Many traditional processes to be reviewed or quit
- cultural change among partners
What is Product Development?
is the multi-step process that companies undergo when defining NPIs, defining :
- customer requirements
- technical requirements
- overall final commercial product design
- customer service channels
- manufacturing processes
What is the analysis to make before defining product characteristics?
Define characteristics of the targeted customer and all relevant customer segments
What is one of the biggest expense created by late design changes?
Extremely increased time to market with a likely lost in market share
What is partecipative engineering?
the multidisciplinary participation of all company functional areas during the development of a new product version release or an NPI.
Suppliers and customers might also be included in the process
what is the goal of partecipare design?
- reduce to the minimum the number of late design changes
- consider all stakeholders views about the product
- reduce time to market
- reduce supply chain cost for production and procurement
Why is product cost estimation important?
because it is the key input for product pricing and markup decision
How the maximum production cost is decided?
by marketing research the target product price and sales volumes are deducted, thus the maximum allowable cost is derived from this
What is the key difference between Outsourcing and Subcontracting?
You outsource something you previously did, thus disengaging your resources used doing it and buying the ones of a supplier.
You subcontract when u delegate an external party to accomplish part of all of the scheduled workload, regardless of current installed capacity. U might subcontract part of a production bath to offload your work center while still performing the activity in-house
