Describe A.C. and what facial machines use this current during treatment.
Is a rapid interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction; it is produced by mechanical means and changes direction 60 times per second. AC- high frequency - a heat effect
Describe D.C. and what facial machines use this current during treatment.
Is a constant even-flowing current that travels in one direction only and is produced by chemical means. DC-galvanic & microcurrent
What are 5 properties of the high frequency?
- It has an antiseptic and healing effect on the skin.
- It stimulates circulation.
- It helps oxygenate the skin.
- It increases cell metabolism.
- It generates a warm feeling that has a relaxing effect on the skin.
Explain the indirect use of high frequency.
Indirect electrodes are used indirectly to stimulate the skin during massage. This treatment is ideal for sallow and aging skin.
- Apply cream to the clients face. (Do not apply gauze.)
- Give the wire class electrode to the client, who then holds it with both hands.
- Place the fingers of one hand on the forehead.
- With the opposite hand, turn the high frequency on and move to a low setting.
- Using both hands, perform a piano finger motion, gently tapping the skin. Move around in a systematic manner over the entire face.
- To discontinue, remove one hand from the skin, turn the power switch off, and disengage the electrode.
- In order to keep the current flowing do not lose contact with the skin during this procedure.
What are the effects of the negative pole in the galvanic?
Alkaline pH products are considered negative and are used for desincrustation. If the product is negative, the esthetician infuses that solution with the electrode set at negative and the esthetician holds the negative electrode. The client holds the positive electrode.
- Causes an alkaline reaction
- Softens and relaxes tissue
- Stimulates nerve endings
- Increases blood circulation
What are the effects of the positive pole in the galvanic?
Slightly acidic pH products are considered positive and are mostly used for iontophoresis. If the product were positive, the client and esthetician would use the opposite electrodes. The esthetician holds the positive and the client holds the negative.
- Causes an acidic reaction
- Tightens the skin
- Calms or soothes nerve endings
- Decreases blood circulation
If the product you wish to infuse with galvanic, have both negative and positive ions, state the procedure.
Some manufactures may include ingredients in the same vial that are simultaneously positive and negative. In that case, the product should be ionized for three to five minutes on negative followed by three to five minutes on positive. If neither a negative nor a positive polarity is indicated for an ampoule, as a general rule the esthetician should first use the negative pole and then the positive pole.
What are the properties of microcurrent?
- Microcurrent is thought to aid in the healing and repair of tissues and to influence metabolism.
- It works gently and helps speed up the natural regenerative processes of the body when the correct intensity of current and frequency are used.
- Firmer and healthier skin are expected treatment results.
- Improves blood and lymph circulation
- Produces acidic and alkaline reactions
- Opens and closes hair follicles and pores
- Increases muscle tone
- Restores elasticity
- Reduces redness and inflammation
- Minimizes healing time for acne lesions
- Improves natural protective barrier of the skin
What does LED stand for?
Light Emitting Diode
What are the effects of green light?
- Lessens hyperpigmentation
- Reduces redness
- Calms and soothes
What are the effects of blue light?
- Improves acne
- Reduces bacteria
- Used with medications for precancerous lesions.
What are the effects of red light?
- Increases cellular processes
- Boosts collagen and elastin production
- Stimulates wound healing
State 12 contraindications to the use of electrical therapy.
- Pregnancy
- Hyperthyroid
- Cancer
- Diabetes
- Uncontrolled high blood pressure
- Heart Disease
- Epilepsy
- Hyper nervous client
- No indirect electrical therapy on metal implants and no direct over the area of the implant.
- Chronic migraine headaches.
- Couperose or rosacea skin
- No direct electrical therapy over broken skin or inflamed lesions.
- Jewellry
What is a conductor and give 3 examples?
A conductor is any material that conducts electricity. Most metals are good conductors.
- Copper
- Pure (distilled) water.
- Aluminum
What is a non conductor and give 3 examples?
A material that doesn’t conduct electricity is a non conductor.
- Rubber
- Cement
- Glass
What is the unit of measurement used in electrical therapy for facial treatments?
A milliampere.
Describe polarity.
Polarity refers to the poles of an electrical current, either positive or negative. The electrodes on many electrotherapy devices have one negatively charged pole and one positively charged pole.
What 2 facial machines have polarity?
The 2 facial machines that have polarity are galvanic and microcurrent.
What is a fuse?
A fuse prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit. It is designed to blow out or melt when the wire becomes too hot from overloading the circuit with too much current, such as when faulty equipment or too many appliances are connected to an electrical source.
What is a circuit breaker?
A switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electrical circuit at the first indication of an overload. Circuit breakers have replaced fuses in modern electric circuits.
List 15 guidelines for the safe use of electrical equipment.
- All the electrical appliances you use should be CSA certified.
- Read all instructions carefully before using any piece of electrical equipment.
- Always register electrical appliances with the manufacturer so that you will be notified of any safety recalls immediately.
- Disconnect all appliances when not in use; pull on the plug, not the cord, to disconnect.
- Disconnect all electrical appliances prior to cleaning them.
- Never poke hairpins, or wires through any part of an appliance, including lint screens.
- Inspect all electrical equipment regularly.
- Keep all wires, plugs and electrical equipment in good repair. Do not use cords that have exposed wiring in any part of the cord or where it attaches to the appliance.
- Use only one plug in each outlet; overloading may cause the circuit breaker to pop. If more than one plug is needed in an area, use a power strip with a surge protector.
- Avoid contact, for both you and your client, with water and metal surfaces when using electricity and do not handle electrical equipment with wet hands or while standing on a wet floor.
- Keep electrical cords off the floor and away from everyone’s feet; getting tangled in a cord could cause you or your client to trip.
- Do not leave your client unattended while the client is connected to an electrical device.
- Do not attempt to clean around electric outlets while equipment is plugged in.
- Do not touch two metal objects at the same time if either is connected to an electric current.
- Do not step on or place objects on electrical cords.
