Macroevolution and Human evolution

Question 1

Proteins

Answer 1

• a change in proteins can create new species
• humans and monkeys have overlapping genetic material

Question 2

Macroevolution

Answer 2

Large scale evolutionary changes

Question 3

Life on Earth

Answer 3

• Life has existed on Earth for 3.5 billion years. At around 1.5 billion years ago was when eukaryotic cells evolved
• The question of abiogenesis is a matter of active research today

Question 4

abiogenesis

Answer 4

the formation of life from non-living matter

Question 5

Biodiversity

Answer 5

decreases in population slowly and gradually increases biodiversity

Question 6

how does decreases in pop increase biodiversity

Answer 6

• genetic dift, etc are corrlated with small pop size (bigger results)
• if mass exicticntion occurs it will cause most adpated species to survive
• whoever is left is gentically fit
• not all is catalysmic (world damaging)

Question 7

Phylogeny

Answer 7

evolutionary relationship between different groups of species of organisms

Question 8

Cladograms

Answer 8

show the phylogeny of groups of organisms.
Use the presence of (recently evolved) traits to determine how closely organisms are related.

Question 9

Gradualism

Answer 9

• Small changes in species over time that accumulate
• Appear very similar to ancestor

Question 10

Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 10

• Overall, evolution is slow but is occasionally punctuated by periods of rapid change.
• New species evolve rapidly, often in small isolated populations.

Question 11

Primates

Answer 11

• a small group of mammals
• Large brains relative to body size
• Forward-directed eyes
• Flexible hands and feet
• Arms that can fully rotate
• Many have opposable thumbs
• Most have tails

Question 12

What makes humans different?

Answer 12

• Large brain relative to body size; high ordered thinking
• Hands capable of fine manipulation and coordination; fine motor movemnets
• Bipedal; walking on two feet

Question 13

Fossil record

Answer 13

• Hip bones, feet, leg bones show if a species walked upright
• Skull shows changes in brain size
• Corroborating evidence includes creation and use of tools

Question 14

Migration Routes

Answer 14

• All early hominids evolved and lived in Africa.
• H. erectus, H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens all migrated at different times in history

Question 15

DNA remnants

Answer 15

DNA sequencing of Neanderthal bones have found there are small sequences of Neanderthal DNA found in some populations of modern humans