macromolecules

Question 1

organic molecule

Answer 1

molecule that contains at least one C-H bond

Question 2

name the monomers of the 4 major macromolecules

Answer 2

amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, nucleotides

Question 3

what kinds of bonds link the monomers of the 4 macromolecules?

Answer 3

amino acids - peptide bonds
monosaccharides - glycosidic bonds
fatty acids - ester linkages
nucleotides - phosphodiester bonds

Question 4

polarity (directionality)

Answer 4

polymer has chemically distinct ends

Question 5

peptide bond

Answer 5

covalent C-N bond linking amino acids in a (poly)peptide chain, formed by the amino group of one amino acid bonding to the carboxyl group of another

Question 6

in which direction do polypeptides extend?

Answer 6

N to C (incoming amino acids bind to the COOH)

Question 7

phosphodiester bond

Answer 7

covalent bond between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar unit of another

Question 8

in which direction do DNA strands extend?

Answer 8

5’ to 3’ (incoming 5’ phosphate groups bind to the 3’ OH)

Question 9

name the monomers of DNA and RNA, respectively

Answer 9

deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides

Question 10

glycosidic bonds

Answer 10

covalent C-O bond between the 4C end of one monomer and the 1C end of another

Question 11

in which direction do monosaccharides extend?

Answer 11

4C to 1C (4C end of the incoming monomer binds to the 1C end of the other monomer)