Macroscopic Pathology

Question 1

Describe the lesion

Answer 1

• Focal
• Red
• Raised, well-demarcated
• Spherical
• Intra-lesion parasite

Focal: specific to a small, definite area

Question 2

Describe the lesion

Answer 2

• Focally extensive
• Light brown
• Soft
• Circular
• Compressive (against cerebellum & cerebrum)
• Superficial

Question 3

Describe the lesion

Answer 3

• Focally extensive
• Unilateral
• Gray with red areas
• Soft
• Well-demarcated
• Compressive (against the neural parenchyma)

Question 4

Describe the lesion

Answer 4

• Multifocal to coalescing
• Spherical and amorphous
• Brown

Question 5

Describe the lesion

Answer 5

• Yellow
• Diffuse

Hepatic lipidosis

Question 6

Describe the lesion

Answer 6

• Unilateral
• Pale
• Inflammed

Unilateral fibrous pneumonia
Fibrin deposition = characteristic of acute lung injury

Question 7

Describe the lesion

Answer 7

• Right, unilateral
• Cranial and lies distal to larynx
• Oval
• Solid

Possible thyroid tumor

Question 8

Describe the lesion

Answer 8

• Enlarged (parathyroid)
• Bilateral
• White
• Oval

Question 9

Describe the lesion

Answer 9

• Multifocal
• Perforated

2 ulcers present, and 2 separate perforations

Question 10

• Inflammation
• Necrosis
• Mineral
• Keratin
• Fibrosis
• Urates
• Lipids
• Bone

What color is typically associated?

Answer 10

White

Question 11

• Hemorrhages
• Congestion
• Hyperemia

What color is typically associated?

Answer 11

Red

Question 12

• Inflammation
• Bilirubin
• Fat
• Myelin decomposition
• Meconium (newborn’s first poop)
• Fibrin

What color is typically associated?

Answer 12

Yellow

Icteric, jaundic

Pre-hepatic
Hepatic
Post-hepatic

Question 13

• Biliary pigments
• Eosinophilic inflammation
• Necrosis
• Algae or fungi
• Hemosiderin (iron-storing protein)

What color is typically associated?

Answer 13

Green

Question 14

• Melanin
• Blood
• Necrosis
• Fasciola species
• Exogenous carbon

What color is typically associated?

Answer 14

Black

Melanoma: multifocal to coalescing, raised; Lesions are not primary to the lung (melanoma originates in skin)

Question 15

What is a “depressed” outline?

Answer 15

“something was removed”
* necrosis
* hypoplasia/aplasia
* atrophy

Focal, unilateral; there is an absence in the cerebral cortex

Question 16

What is a raised/widened outline?

Answer 16

“something was added”
* Fluid: edema or hemorrhages
* Cells: inflammation, neoplasia
* Gas: usually bacterial

Multifocal

Question 17

Where do triangular and rhomboidal lesions typically originate?

Answer 17

From a vascular site

Tip of the triangle is at an occluded vessel

Question 18

What is a cavitated lesion?

Answer 18

Lesions that have progressed to a more advanced stage

Pox

Neoplasia with fibrosis

Neoplasia = uncontrollable, abnormal growth of cells or tissues (linked to excessive cell proliferation)

Fibrosis = thickening of tissue due to healing/scarring process

Question 19

What is a linear lesion?

Answer 19

Distention of a pre-existing anatomical structure