what are the normal levels in the body of magnesium?
1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
-deficit of magnesium
hypomagnesemia (< 1.5 mEq/L)
what can cause hypomagnesemia?
loss of GI fluids protein-calorie malnutrition diabetic ketoacidosis loop diuretics kidney disease
what are the signs and symptoms of hypomagnesemia?
Mental: nystagmus, personality changes
Heart: HT, tachycardia
what deficiency occurs when the client displays a positive Chvostek’s sign, Babinkski’s sign and/or Trousseau’s sign?
hypomagnesemia
what tests can be performed and reactions measured with hypomagnesemia?
Chvostek’s sign
Babinski’s sign
Trousseasu’s sign
what is the tx for hypomagnesemia?
IV magnesium (administer slowly)
-excess of magnesium
hypermagnesemia (> 2.5 mEq/L)
what can cause hypermagnesemia?
renal insufficiency
excess intake of laxatives or antacids
treatment for preeclampsia
what are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?
Mental: confusion, lethargy
Heart: hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmias
what is the tx for hypermagnesemia?
dialysis
pacemaker to maintain cardiac output
mechanical ventilation
what foods are high in magnesium?
green leafy vegetables
cereal grains
dried fruits and nuts
- second most abundant cation
- used for production and use of ATP
- helps regulate cardiac function in ECF
- CNS mediator of neruomuscular transmission
- myocardial contraction
- protein metabolism
- deficits can be accompanied by Ca and phosphate deficits
magnesium
