CEARF > Malfunction Analysis/EPs > Flashcards

Malfunction Analysis/EPs Flashcards

(15 cards)

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1
Q

Power Loss (Partial or Complete)

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:

  • Left Yaw
  • Drop in Engine RPM (Nf)
  • Drop in Rotor RPM (Nr)
  • Low RPM Audio Alarm 93 ±2%
  • Illumination of RPM Warning Light 93 ±2%
  • Change in engine noise

Analyze/Take Action:

  • Confirm engine malfunction by one or more other indications
  • Is erratic engine operation or power surging controllable by reduced power
  • If flight is not possible, close the throttle completely and complete autorotation
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2
Q

Engine Compressor Stall

Indications

A

Indications:

- Sharp rumble or series of loud sharp reports, severe engine vibration and rapid rise in engine gas temperature (EGT)

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3
Q

Inlet Guide Vane Actuator Failure

Indications

A

Indications:

  • CLOSED position: maximum torque = 35% to 40% [power applications above 35-40% torque will result in deterioration of Nf and Nr while increasing Ng]
  • OPEN position: Probability of no indications. Acceleration times from lower Ng settings may be noticeable.
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4
Q

Droop Compensator Failure

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:
- Engine RPM (Nf) fluctuates excessively during application of collective pitch.
- Tend to overspeed when collective is decreased.
- Tend to under-speed when collective is increased.
Analyze/Take Action:
- If unable to maintain operating RPM within limits – GOV SWITCH - EMER

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5
Q

Engine Overspeed (Nf governor or fuel control)

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:

  • Right Yaw
  • Rapid increase in both Nr and Nf
  • Illumination of RPM Warning Light 103 ±1%
  • Increase in engine noise

Analyze/Take Action:

  • Nf governor malfunction or fuel control malfunction [same initial indications]
  • Nf governor malfunction: the Nf can be controlled by throttle reduction
  • Fuel control malfunction: Throttle reduction will not affect Nf RPM. Requires GOV SWITCH EMER
  • Nf accessory gearbox failure: Manifest itself as Nf governor failure. Nf tachometer and torque gauges will fail
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6
Q

Engine Underspeed (Nf governor)

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:

  • Left Yaw
  • Drop in Engine RPM (Nf)
  • Drop in Rotor RPM (Nr)

Analyze/Take Action:

  • At low altitude/low airspeed the malfunction must be treated as an engine failure
  • Incr/decr switch to maximum and GOV SWITCH EMER if underspeed not corrected.
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7
Q

Engine Chip Detector

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:
- ENG CHIP DET warning light illuminates

Analyze/Take Action:
- LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE

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8
Q

Complete Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust (Pilot must discern if the aircraft is in controlled or uncontrolled flight)

Indications

Analyze

A

Indications:

  • Right Yaw
  • Left Nose Tuck
  • Pedal input has no effect

Analyze/Take Action:

  • Controllability will depend on airspeed [above 60 knots], loss of tail rotor components, and CG shift.
  • Adjusting Nr to minimum [91%] may help control right yaw
  • A right turn above 60 knots my help stabilize the aircraft
  • Opening left cabin door and closing the right cabin door may allow drag to counter some of the right yaw
  • Landing must be planned ahead to be either autorotative or power-on shallow approach and slide landing
  • Judicious use of the throttle and collective will help maintain landing area alignment during a slide landing
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9
Q

Fixed Pitch Failures (Tail Rotor)

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:

  • Lack of directional response when a pedal is pushed
  • Pedals are in a locked position
  • Aircraft goes out of trim

Analyze/Take Action:

  • Locked Pedals: Determine which pedal is forward of neutral
  • Perform controllability check to determine the best airspeed, torque, and Nf and Nr for straight/level flight
  • Plan a power-on shallow approach and slide landing
  • Coordinate the use of cyclic, collective, and throttle to maintain landing area alignment during a slide landing
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10
Q

Main Driveshaft Failure

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:

  • Left Yaw
  • Increase in Engine RPM (Nf)
  • Decrease in Rotor RPM (Nr)
  • Low RPM Audio Alarm 93 ±2%
  • Illumination of RPM Warning Light 93 ±2%

Analyze/Take Action:

  • Similar to engine failure except the engine will possibly overspeed resulting in split Nf and Nr needles
  • Results in complete loss of power to the rotor (Nr)
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11
Q

Clutch Fails To Disengage (When throttle is reduced to the engine idle position when entering autorotational descent)

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:
- Rotor RPM (Nr) decaying with engine RPM (Nf)

Analyze/Take Action:
- Total loss of autorotational capability.

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12
Q

Clutch Fails To Re-engage (During recovery from autorotational descent)

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:
- Reverse needle split (engine RPM higher than rotor RPM)

Analyze/Take Action:
- Do not delay shutting down the engine to prevent the possibility of the clutch re-engaging in the autorotative flare causing the aircraft to yaw excessively and roll over at touchdown.

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13
Q

Transmission Oil – Hot or Low Pressure

Indications

A

Indications:

  • XMSN OIL HOT and/or XMSN OIL PRESS caution lights or limits on gauges exceeded
  • Temp limit = 110 degrees C; Pressure limit = 70 psi high; 30 ± 3 psi low
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14
Q

Transmission and Tail Rotor Chip Detectors

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:
- CHIP DET warning light illuminates

Analyze/Take Action:

  • CHIP DET requires the use of BOTH/TAIL/XMSN switch on center pedestal to determine location of chip
  • If XMSN is determined to be location, check the XMSN CHIP IND PANEL (Upper Mast, PLNTY, or Sump/Oil)
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15
Q

Engine Fire – Start

Indications

Analyze/Action

A

Indications:

  • Abnormally rising EGT and/or EGT exceeding limits
  • EGT limit prior to engine stabilization (NG<68%) = 950 Degrees C (max engine start limit)
  • EGT limit after engine stabilization (NG>68% for 5 seconds) = Yellow: 820-880 (30 min); Red: 880
  • May be accompanied by smoke or flames

Analyze/Take Action:

  • Continue starting: starter ignition trigger switch held until EGT is in the normal range
  • Remove fuel from engine: close the throttle; fuel switches off (main and start fuel)
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