Management Y3 Flashcards by Siân Pendleton

What is the IOPC?

Independent Office for Police Complaints

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Who is allowed into an inner cordon?

CSM, CSI, specialists required to attend the scene (regulated access)

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3Cs to consider when attending a scene

Control
Cordon
CAP

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3Ps to consider when attending a scene

Photograph
Preserve
Protect

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What is the scene examination strategy

How we process a scene

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What is the forensic strategy

How we process exhibits

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What is the body recovery strategy

How we process the body

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What does the SIO do at the scene?

Sets objectives and prioritises tasks (should be challenged with reason)

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5 evidence types

Direct evidence
Circumstantial evidence
Inceptive evidence
Identification evidence
Corroborative evidence

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What can the forensic strategy tell us?

Eliminates suspects
Link people to scenes
clarify sequence of events
Identify unknown persons
Corroborate/discount witnesses

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Considerations for a CSM at a scene

Preservation of life
Health and safety
Weather
Information/intelligence
Welfare of staff

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What is the full body recovery strategy? (10 steps)

-Full sequential photography
-Recover visible trace evidence
-1:1 Tape lifts (zone off body)
-Hair combings/pluckings
-Swab hands, nail clippings
-Swab exposed skin
-Bag hands, head, feet
-Place body onto body sheet
-Remove clothing (circumstantial)
-Wrap body in sheet, place into body bag and seal

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Who may attend the scene to review the body in situ?

the PATHOLOGIST

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Who takes intimate swabs of the deceased?

Pathologist

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What are the types of search methods? (6)

Inner Spiral
Outer Spiral
Line Search
Grid Search
Quadrant/Zone Search
Point to Point Search

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Who may be brought in to assist with searching?

POLSA (police search advisor)

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What is the designated person police reform act 2002?

s32, chief constable able to designate anyone to carry out tasks typically done by police within certain parameters

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What year is the pace act?

PACE 1984

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What is SOCAP 2005

Lets designated officers execute search warrants under S8 PACE 1984

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Police Reform Act 2002

Gives designated officers power to search premises after an arrest

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Who is responsible for issuing warrants that give designated officers powers to search?

High court judge or justice of peace

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What is the terrorism act

Terrorism act 2000

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What is the misuse of drugs act

Misuse of drugs ac 1971

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What is the theft act?

Theft act 1968

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What can a s8 search warrant allow?

search premises after arrest

What does s18 pace allow?

Entry and search of any property from person arrested for indictable offence if evidence is relating to offence and not subject to legal privilege, given by inspectors authority

What is a premises

Any vehicle, aircraft, hovercraft Offshore Installation Renewable energy installation Tent or moveable structure

What does s19 pace relate to?

Seizing evidence

What does s22 pace relate to?

Retention of evidence

What is legal privilege

Anything not relevant should be left (e.g letters)

How long after a warrant is issued should it be executed or returned?

3 months

What to do when leaving a scene after a warrant has been executed?

Opening and closing photographs Leave copy of warrant with occupier

What can footwear experts at a scene do?

Turn intelligence into evidence

Role of footwear expert?

Provide independent expert advise on location and recovery of marks

Pre scene attendance qs- footwear

What circumstances? Who has legitimate access? What footwear worn? Has anyone been arrested?

When are footwear experts NOT required?

When marks can be recovered and recorded

How to recover footprint in snow?

silicone spray then dentstone

How to recover footprint in sand?

hairspray then dentstone

How to recover footprint in mud?

Contain with barrier then dentstone

How to recover footprint in blood?

Recover whole item if possible

How to recover tyre impressions?

Best roll of tyre

Non destructive footwear techniques

High intensity light source Photography

Destructive footwear techniques

ESLA Gel Powder Recover whole item

How to recover footprint on carpet?

Cut carpet and recover

What can be used to enhance on porous surfaces?

Leuco Crystal Violet

What can be used to enhance blood?

Amido Black

What is patent

Visible

What is latent

Invisible

What is a negative impression

Contaminant lifted once dry

What is a positive impression

Contaminant laid down wet

Equipment used to enhance fingerprints

Quasar - not very portable Crime Lite - portable and can have filters

Non porous technique for fingerprint enhancement

Superglue

What must be done first for fingerprint examinations

Visual examination and photography

Dry fingerprint enhancement techniques

superglue, powder, genetian violet, luminescent dye, light source

Wet fingerprint enhancement techniques

SPR, physical developer, modified physical developer

When can ninhydrin be used?

porous surfaces (plastered walls, paper etc)

When can amido black be used?

Used on blood (reacts with proteins)

How to fingerprint a corpse

cover with plastic sheet and portable superglue treatment

How to fingerprint a car/vehicle

Cover with gazebo and portable superglue

How long does ninhydrin take to develop?

2-3 days

How many fingerprint features are there?

What fingerprint powder would you use on a smooth surface?

Flake powder

How many points needed to match on a fingerprint for a confirmation?

What is the GRIM used for?

glass analysis

what test is used for semen

AP (Acid phosphatase)

what test is used for saliva?

Phadebas

What would you use for glass anaysis?

GRIM

What does semen fluoresce under?

UV, crime lites, (ALS)

What technique can give a false positive for semen

light sources

How to complete the AP test?

Lay paper down, spray with water, leave for 30-60 secs. Remove and spray AP. Turns purple if positive reaction.

Does fresher or older blood react more strongly with luminol?

Older blood

What is a false positive for luminol

bleach faeces urine horseradish

what specifically does luminol react with

Reacts with Iron (rust can provide reaction due to iron oxide)

Cordon size for small bombs (minor risk)

100m

Cordon size for moderate risk bombs

200m

Cordon size for serious risk bombs

400m

4 features of a fingerprint

Ridge Ending, Bifurcation, Lake, Spur,

What can a biologist determine from Glass? (3)

Refractive index, evidential value, reason for presence

What does luminol react with?

Iron

When should a biologist be called? (4)

When body/body fluids present Trauma to body Cause of death not obvious Death appears to be of sexual nature

What does SERM do at DVI scenes?

Declaration of life extinct Cordons Control scene

What classes as a mass fatality

Any disaster that is more than local arrangements can manage

4 stages of DVI

Disaster PM AM Reconcilliation

Role of anthropologist (5)

Search Excavate and recover Questions of identifications Cause of death Time since death

What can anthropologists determine/tell us?

Age, gender, race, cause of death, height, when and how died

When is an anthropologist required to attend?

Skeletonised remains Missing persons Badly decomposed remains Unidentified remains Ageing of individuals Commingled remains Animal or human remains

What is endochondral ossification

What anthropologists look for in bones to help with age estimation. Bone formation process

What specifically do anthropologists look for when conducting age estimation examinations?

Endochondral Ossification

What are baby teeth otherwise known as

Deciduous teeth

What 2 bones are used to help determine gender

Skull and pelvis

What is more prominent in male skulls

Glabella and supraorbital ridges

How to identify clandestine graves?

Cadaver dogs, Fauna, Drones, Mounds of earth, Military images

What evidence to look for inside a grave?

Footwear marks Items Animal activity Spade cuts

What expert handles pollen and flowers?

Palynologist

What expert handles insects?

Entomologist

What expert handles clay/dirt/soil etc...

Pedologist

What is a palynologist?

Pollen/flowers

What is an entomologist?

Insects

What is a pedologist?

Clay/soil/dirt

What year is the human tissue act

2004

Who do anthropologists work with?

Pathologists, odontologists

What colour is a DVI PM form?

Pink

What colour is a DVI AM form?

Yellow

What DVI book is only used in the UK

ACPO DVI Booklet

What is cast off?

From an object in motion (straight lines)

What is transfer marks?

Contact between a blood stained surface and another

What is ghosting/shadowing?

A void in the pattern

What is swipe marks?

Transfer from a blood stained surface to another with motion

What is wipe marks?

Altered blood stain caused by an object moving it

What is pooling?

Accumulation of liquid blood

What is expiratory blood?

Blood forced out of the mouth, nose, wound

What is arterial spurting?

Spurting patterns caused by blood pumping

What can hair tell us?

Racial origin Animal or human

What does PACE cover? (6)

Stop and search Arrest Detention Investigation Identification Interviewing detainees

When was PACE revised?

2005

Management Y3 Flashcards

(115 cards)