Manual 132-133: Bone Kingdom

Question 1

calcaneus

Answer 1

***medial surface presents sustentaculum tali

Question 2

talus

Answer 2

• **medial surface has a comma-shaped facet (for medial malleolus)
• lateral surface presents lateral process
• posterior suface present posterior process grooved by tendon of flexor hallucis longus

Question 3

cuboid

Answer 3

• anterior surface has two facets (for 4th, 5th metatarsal)
• ** posteromedial surface has a “beak” or coronoid process
• medial surface has a facet (for lateral cuneiform)
• ** plantar surface has a distinctive peroneal ridge and groove for tendon of peroneus longus

Question 4

navicular

Answer 4

• dorsal surface is convex
• anterior surface has three facets (for 3 cuneiforms)
• posterior surface deeply concave facet (for talar head)
• ** medial surface present tuberosity (tibial posterior attach)
• ** plantar surface present a small tubercle in the middle (major attachment of spring lig. - plantar calcaneonavicual ligament)

Question 5

Medial cuneiform

Answer 5

• ** dorsal surface presents a crest
• ** lateral surface has an inverted L facet (for second cuneiform)
• anterior surface has akidney shaped facet (for first metatarsal)
• ** posterior surface has a pear-shaped or teardrop-shaped facet (for navicular). (teardrops fall down my face)

Question 6

Intermediate cuneiform

Answer 6

• ** dorsal surface is squire or quadrilateral
• plantar surface presents a crest
• ** medial surface has an inverted L facet (for 1st cuneiform)
• lateral surface has an elongated oval facet (for 3rd cuneiform)

Question 7

lateral cuneiform

Answer 7

• ** dorsal surface is rectangular
• plantar surface presents a crest
• medial surface has a posteriorly located elongated oval facet (for 2nd cuneiform) and anteriorly two small oval facets arranged vertically (for second metatarsal)
• ** lateral surface has a large, posterior-superiror triangular facet (for cuboid)

Question 8

first metatarsal

Answer 8

• plantar surface is concave

* ** posterior surface has a kidney shaped facet (for first cuneifrom) with “hilum” directed laterally

Question 9

second metatarsal

Answer 9

• posterior surface of base is triangular
• medial surface of base has a small oval facet (for medial cuneiform)
• ** lateral surface has two demarcates (hemifacets) vertically oriented (two anterior demarcates for 3rd metatarsal - two posterior demarcates for third cuneiform)

Question 10

third metatarsal

Answer 10

• posterior surface of base is triangular
• ** lateral surface near base has a prominent tubercle and facet (for interosseous intermetatarsal ligament)
• medial surface has two demarcates, vertically oriented (for second metatarsal)

Question 11

fourth metatarsal

Answer 11

• ** posterior surface of base is quadrilateral
• ** medial surface, near base, has a dorsomedial facet with two surfaces (for third metatarsal and third cuneiform)
• lateral surface has an oval facet (for 5th metatarsal)

Question 12

fifth metatarsal

Answer 12

• ** lateral surface of base presents a tuberosity also called a styloid process (peroneus brevis insertion)
• ** plantar surface has a groove (for tendon of the abductor digiti minimi quiniti)

Question 13

holding metatarsals vertically (with bases down) reveals that bases slant …

Answer 13

down and toward the side of the foot they come from