Name 7 things about latitude lines.
- Divide the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres
- Horizontal liens that run from east to west around the Earth
- Parallel to each other. Equator is the longest line of latitude.
- Also called parallels
- Equator 0 degrees
- 179 lines of latitude
- Degree value increases towards the poles.
Name 7 things about longitude lines.
- Divide the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres
- Vertical lines that run from north to south and back up again
- All pass through the North and South pole, are not parallel and are the same length
- Also called meridians
- Greenwich Meridian/Prime Meridian 0 degrees
- 360 lines of longitude
- Degree value of lines increases away from 0 degrees to International Date Line
What are the 4 hemispheres?
Northern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere
Eastern Hemisphere
Western Hemisphere
What are maps?
Maps are accurate, 2D representations of reality which range in size.
Name 5 things that maps show.
- Political boundaries
- Physical features like rivers and mountains
- How land is being used - farming, cities, recreation
- Distances between places
- Communication networks - roads, railways, power lines
Name 7 different types of maps and explain each.
- World/Global maps - show all the continents.
- Regional maps - show a whole continent/part of a continent
- Provincial maps - show an entire province
- Local maps - show a small area which could be part of a province, or just part of a suburb or even a shopping centre.
- Political maps - show countries and their borders and main towns and cities.
- Physical maps - show natural features such as rivers, mountains and vegetation
- Thematic maps - show information about things like population, types of farming, tourism and deforestation
What are eastings?
Vertical lines that increase in value eastwards.
What are northings?
Horizontal lines that increase in value northwards.
What are the 3 types of scales?
- Word scale
- Representative fraction scale
- Linear scale
The larger the map scale, the less/more detail it includes about a smaller/larger area.
more
smaller
The smaller the map scale, the less/more detail it includes about a smaller/larger area.
less
larger
What are the 2 ways to measure distances on a map?
String method
Ruler method
What is direction?
A way of determining direction by using compass points.
What is bearing?
A more accurate way of measuring direction by using 360 degrees.
What are physical features on a map?
The natural part of the environment that includes things such as mountains, rivers and forests.
What are human features on a map?
Those that are man-made and are often called the built environment. Includes elements like settlements, infrastructure like roads and power lines, and agricultural fields.
Name 3 ways that height can be indicated on a map.
- Spot heights
- Trig stations
- Contour lines
What is relief?
The height and shape of the land.
What is drainage?
Surface water features such as rivers, lakes and marshes.
What is vegetation?
Plant life that includes woodland, rough pasture and farmed areas.
Name the 5 different types of photographs.
- Aerial (from the air)
- Ground level
- Vertical
- Horizontal
- Oblique
