Marshall Plan

Question 1

what was it?

Answer 1

= US; billions of dollars in economic aid given to help post-war european country development and hope to stop the spread of communism by this

Question 2

when? who?

Answer 2

• name after general george marhsall; believes that the economies of western europe needed help form the US
• economic extension of truman doctrine

Question 3

goals

Answer 3

The goals of the United States were to:
 rebuild war-devastated regions,
 remove trade barriers, 
modernize industry, 
make Europe prosperous once more,
 and prevent the spread of communism.
(MAINTAIN OR RESTORE CAPITALISM)

Question 4

dollar imperialism?

Answer 4

• there were strict criteria to qualify for american aid (avoid soviet influenced countries)
• ‘initiativ must come from europe’; avoid making it look like US is ‘imperalizing’
• possibly a method by which US sominanted economically ineurope? mutiateral trading system?

aims of plan:

1. revive european working economies so that political and social stability could ensure
2. safeguard future us economy

Question 5

soviet reaction

Answer 5

• soviets reject Marshal plan
• see it as an example of dollar imperialism; soviets feel US establishing european empire
• see it as US trying to undermine their position in Germany; cooperation impossible
• stailn dissapointeted that US is not leaving Europe; fear of capitalism
• threatened by Czechslovalia wanting to participate; summoned to moscow and forced to reject plan= lead sto issues
• soviets create own economic programme in response; COMECON in 1949 + Molotov Plan

-DEFENSIVE?

Question 6

applications?

Answer 6

LED TO ECONOMICAL IDEOLOGICAL DIVISION IN EUROPE

• west germany
• UK
• yugoslavia; recieves marshall aid even tho socialist
• austria
• scandanavian countries
• greece
• france
• italy

= leads to czech group

= development of nuclear arms race to ‘protect”

Question 7

walter lafeber

Answer 7

• plan’s approach soon evolved into military alliances

- truman doctrine + marshall plan two halves of same walnut

Question 8

how was the marshall plan used? 1948

Answer 8

• economic development
• humanitarian aid
• civiilian advisors for eocnomic/humanitarian assisatnce
• publicity for host country with marshall aid

Question 9

what did the MP offer to the us?

Answer 9

• multilateral trading sytem
• strength capitalist influence
• reduce security risk of Germany recovery
• make it harder for soviets to take control of WE governments