Hegel’s ideas
ideas, values and meanings are driving sources of history
What are classes based on?
Access to resources
Religion for Marx
Cry of the oppressed in society
Base
Economic realm
Pure social materialism
Feuerbach - man is what he eats
Materialist conception of history
Human being with ideas in circumstances he doesn’t choose
Change in history because of
change in mode of production
New stage (new what? 3)
Mode of production
Division of labour
Ownership
5 Stages
Primitive communalism Ancient slave society Feudal societies Bourgeois society Socialist + communist societies
What is extracted from labourer that constitutes profit
Surplus value
5 crisis of capitalism
Overproduction
Pauperisation
Underconsumption
Rescue army of the unemployed
What’s a commodity
Something with a use-value, serves human need or want
Exchange value
Ratio in which one good exchanges for another
2 views of revolution
Structural view
Insurrection
Structural view
Collapse of capitalism
Insurrection
agency, concentration of workers in industry
≠false consciousness
4 different kinds of alienation
From products you make
From actual process of production
From self
From your species and mankind
Asiatic mode of production
State owns everything
No social classes
Bakunin
Against dictatorship of the proletariat
4 Presuppositions to Marx’s model
He follows Adam Smith’s “labour makes value”
Capitalism is based on exploitation
Labour is on the market as a commodity
State of primitive accumulation allowed this
changing organic composition of capitalism
Change between money spent on wages and inventions
18th Bruhmer
- It seems as though a man comes to power; not a class
- Passage: can a state float in free air (IN EXAM)
- no a state cannot float in free air
- it must represent a base, class needs or interests in some way or another
- it must have a base
how can louis napoleon get there?
- relatively underdeveloped capitalism, high finance in paris but very large peasantry
- after 1848 the bourgeoisie is scared
- bourgeoisie is split big ≠ between landlords and financial capitalism
- the bourgeoisie needs a strong authoritarian state
Marx on Peasants
- he says peasant are like potatoes in a bag, don’t communicate (not mash)
- they don’t trust eachother
- huge difference between peasant and workers in large factories (who have class consciousness)
