Materials Management

Question 1

Ziele von MM

Answer 1

Sicherstellen der benötigten Materialien (pünktlich, richtige Qualität, richtiger Ort, minimale Kosten)

Question 2

Procure-To-Pay Prozess

Answer 2

Create demand (MRP) - Process purchase request (Purchasing) - Create purchase order (Purchasing) - Create sales order (Vendor) - Monitor purchase order (Purchasing) . Deliver goods (Vendor) - Receive goods (Inventory Mngmt.) - Create Invoice (Vendor) - Verify Invoice (Accounts payable) - Trigger payment (Accounts payable)

Question 3

Wo can MM helfen

Answer 3

• Geringe Vertikale Integration in der Produktion
• Minimierung von Sicherheitsbeständen
• Outsourcing
• Kosteneinsparung für externe Beschaffung

Question 4

Wer ist am Procure to Pay Prozess beteiligt

Answer 4

Client, Purchasing organization, Storage Location, Plant, Company Code

Question 5

Procure to Pay - Client

Answer 5

Hat Master Data und Gestaltungsbedarf (Customizing), repräsentiert Corporate Group, in der Hierarchie oben

Question 6

Procure to Pay - Company Code

Answer 6

• Kleinste organisatorische Einheit für Buchaltung, hat eigene Bilanz und GV Rechnung, in der Hierarchie unter Client

Question 7

Procure to Pay - Purchasing group

Answer 7

Einkauf, Verträge + Vertragskonditionen

Question 8

Procure to Pay - Plant

Answer 8

Produktionsstätte, Instandhaltung, Produktioneinheit mit Standardpreis, in der Hierarchie unter Company Code

Question 9

Procure to Pay - Storage Location

Answer 9

Materiallagerung und Inventar, in der Hierarchie unter Plant

Question 10

Unterschied plant specific purchasing organization und cross plant purchasing organization und cross company code pur. org.

Answer 10

• specific: Jede Plant hat eine Pur. Org.
• cross plant: Mehrere Plants haben eine Pur. Org.
• cross company: Mehrere Plants bei Pur. Org. und plants sind bei verschiedenen company codes

Question 11

Views for Material Master

Answer 11

• Basic data
• Sales data
• Purchasing data
• Work scheduling
• Forecasting
• MRP data
• QM data
• Material Accounting
• Stock
• Storage
• Warehouse Management

Question 12

Arten von Materialien

Answer 12

Endprodukte, Komponenten, Betriebsstoffe

Question 13

Wer kann was im Material Master sehen?

Answer 13

• Client: Basic Data
• Plant: Purchasing, MRP / Forecasting, Stock quantities, Material accounting, Quality management
• Storage location: MRP / forecasting, Stock quantities, Storage

Question 14

MRP Prozess

Answer 14

Sales History Forecasts -> Sales & Operations -> Demand Planning (based on sales orders) -> MRP -> Production ORders External Procurement Orders

Question 15

Welche Faktoren beinhaltet MRP?

Answer 15

MRP parameter of material, Available stock quantities, planned receipts / issues, demands for material (quanity, date, source of supply=

Question 16

Unterprozess “Create Demand” vom Procure to Pay Prozess

Answer 16

Perform MRP Run & Create Demand -> Decide Make or Buy -> Process internal planned order & Check purchase requisition

Question 17

Unterprozess “Create MRP run” vom Create Demand Prozess

Answer 17

Run mass MRP in batch mode & Run MRP for main products in batch mode (Rework MRP run) -> Run MRP for single material

Question 18

MRP methods in SAP ERP

Answer 18

MRP (single/mass)

• > Plan driven (Relies on known future demand): Planning critical parts / With BOM (bill of materials = Stückliste) resolution / Without BOM resolution
• > Consumption driven (Relies on consumption): Manual reorder point (=Bestellpunkt: wenn verfügbaare Menge unter dem Bestellpunkt liegt) / Automatic reorder point / Stochastical planning (forecast)

Question 19

EPK for MRP Run in SAP ERP (external procurement)

Answer 19

Parameter für MRP run sind definiert -> MRP run -> Pur. Req. is created / Delivery sched. is created / Result MRP run is stored / Planned order is created / MRP list is created

Question 20

Was ist eine Purchase Requisition (=Bestellanforderung)?

Answer 20

• Internes Dokument
• Nachfrage, die gedeckt werden soll, muss definiert werden
• Kann auslösen: Bestandsbeschaffung, Beschaffung für Konsumierung (externe services), Lierferplanerstellung, Bestandsumlegung

Question 21

Subprozess “Process Purchase Requisition”

Answer 21

Check if redetermination of SOS is required -> ggf. determine SOS -> ggf. release Pur. Req.

Question 22

Purchasing Master Records für SOS in SAP ERP (Angaben)

Answer 22

• Vendors: Beschreibung und bestehende Verbindlichkeiten
• Conditions: Preis, Rabatt, Menge, …
• Purchasing info records
• Quota arrangements: Welcher demand von welcher SOS
• Source lists: Define preferred SOS or exclude SOS
• Contracts
• Scheduling agreements

Question 23

Subprocess “Create purchase order”

Answer 23

Convert pur. req. to pur. order X Convert RFQ (Angebotsanfrage) to pur. order X Create pur. order manually -> Release pur. order. -> send pur. order -> create sales order (vendor)

Question 24

Subprocess “Monitor purchase order”

Answer 24

check receipt of PO confirmation -> send reminder of delivery date (goods not received before delivery date) -> send reminder of delivery date (goods not received after delivery date)

Question 25

Was ist MRP?

Answer 25

- Planung von Produktion (Materialbedarf ür Produktion, Lieferzeiten) - > Bedarfsplanung + Effizienzsteigerung

Question 26

Procure to Pay Prozess

Answer 26

Create demand (MRP) -> Process pur. req. (Purchasing) -> create pur. order (Purchasing) -> create sales order (vendor) -> Monitor pur. order (Purchasing) -> deliver goods (vendor) -> receive goods (inventory management) -> create invoice (vendor) -> verify invoice (accounts payable) -> trigger payment (accounts payable)

Question 27

Subprozess "Receive goods"

Answer 27

Create sales order (vendor) -> create ASN (vendor) -> receive ASN (Advance Shipping Notice - Versandvorabmitteilung) -> deliver goods (vendor) -> receive delivery (inventory management) -> start qm -> transport goods to warehouse

Question 28

Inventory Categories for Goods Receipt for a Stock Material (=Lagermaterial)

Answer 28

Goods receiving area has to do: | Stock in quality inspection, Blocked Stock, Unrestricted stock use

Question 29

Documents for a Goods Movement

Answer 29

Inventory Management has Goods Receipt, Goods Issue, Transfer posting -> Material Document with material quantity and movement type Finance has accounting document with key and G/L account and amount based on material document

Question 30

Effects of Goods Receipt Posting

Answer 30

- Update of quantities and values - Movement documentation - Update G/L accounts - Open an inspection lot to trigger the quality inspection - Transfer requirement for WM - Printout - Message to ordering party - Update of pur. order/order history

Question 31

Subprocess "Verify invoice"

Answer 31

Vendor: Create sales order -> create ASN -> Deliver goods -> create invoice .> accounts payable: enter invoice -> check invoice -> block invoice for payment -> release invoide

Question 32

Subprocess "Release Invoice"

Answer 32

Accounts payable: Check blocking reason -> ggf. trigger reconciliation -> remove blocked reason

Question 33

Material Valuation - Moving average price

Answer 33

Durchschnitt vom Preis des bestehenden Inventars und des neu dazu gekauften Materials

Question 34

Material Valuation - Standard price

Answer 34

Werden nach standard price bewertet

Question 35

Special Procurement types

Answer 35

- Procurement via stock transfer - Subcontracting - Vendor consignment - Procurement for stock vs. Procurement for consumption

Question 36

Procurement via stock transfer

Answer 36

- Zwischen storage locations einer plant - Zwischen storage locations mehrerer plants - Zwischen storage locations verschiedener Unternehmen - > ausgeführt mit reservierungen, stock transfer orders oder ohne planung

Question 37

Subcontracting process

Answer 37

Eig wie procure to pay, wir brauchen aber nur Komponenten

Question 38

Vendor consignment stock (Konsignationslager, Ware bleibt so lange im Stock, bis Kunde sie aufbraucht)

Answer 38

- Avaiable for consumption - Owned by the vendor - Liabilities only for consumed quantities

Question 39

Procurement for Stock bs. Procurement for Consumption

Answer 39

1) Material braucht Master Record