MEMORYBYTES > Maternal > Flashcards

Maternal Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

Normal Maternal Weight Gain

A

20 - 35 lbs

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2
Q

Menstrual Phase

A
  • sloughing off
  • 1-5 days
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3
Q

Proliferative Phase

A
  • ⬆️ estrogen
  • thickest endometrium
  • 6-14 days
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4
Q

Secretory Phase

A
  • ⬆️ progesterone
  • ⬆️ estrogen (13th day)
  • ⬆️ blood flow
  • Ovulation (14th day)
  • Luteal Phase
  • 14-25 days
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5
Q

Ischemic Phase

A
  • Period before menstruation
  • 27-28 days
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6
Q

Ovulation to Menstruation

A
  • Count 14
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7
Q

Menstruation to Ovulation

A
  • Count 16
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8
Q

Calendar Method

A
  • No sex 5 days before and 3 days after
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9
Q

Cervical Mucous/Billings Method

A
  • Clear & Stretchable
  • Spinnbarkeit sign (⬆️ estrogen)
  • No sex 4 days before and 3 days after
  • “I feel dry during menstruation”
  • “I feel wet during ovulation”
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10
Q

Basal Body Temperature

A
  • ⬇️ temperature before ovulation (⬆️ estrogen)
  • ⬆️ temperature during ovulation (⬆️ estrogen, ⬆️ progesterone)
  • No sex 3-4 days after
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11
Q

Sympthothermal

A
  • Cervical Mucous + BBT
  • No sex 3-4 days after
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12
Q

Coitus Interruptus

A
  • least effective
  • withdrawal
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13
Q

Ampulla

A
  • fallopian tube
  • ectopic pregnancy
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14
Q

Isthmus

A
  • BTL
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15
Q

Uterus

A
  • implantation
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16
Q

Genotype

A
  • race
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17
Q

Serotype

A
  • blood type
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18
Q

Phenotype

A
  • physical appearance
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19
Q

Karyotype

A
  • DNA structure
  • traits
  • hereditary
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20
Q

XX

A
  • Female
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21
Q

XY

A
  • male
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22
Q

H-mole

A
  • formation of thromboblastin
  • grape like cluster/snow like cluster
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23
Q

DOC for H-mole

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Antidote: Leucovorin
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24
Q

Naegels Rule

A
  • Jan - Mar = +9 +7 same year
  • Apr - Dec = -3 +7 +1 year
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25
McDonald's Rule
- measure fundic height - fundic ht x 8 ÷ 7 = AOG (weeks) - fundic ht x 2 ÷ 7 = AOG (month)
26
Bartholomew Rules
- locate fundic height
27
Quickening
- 5 months
28
Haases Rule
- measure fetal length - 1-5 months = times by itself - 6-10 months = times 5
29
Products of Fertilization
Conception 2 weeks 2 months Term ZYGOTE EMBRYO FETUS
30
Substance that crosses barrier
ANAC - Antibiotics - Narcotics - Alcohol - Coumadin
31
Disease that crosses placenta
TORCH - Toxoplasmosis - Other Infection (Hepa B, HIV, syphilis) - Rubella (German Measles) - Cytomegalovirus - Herpes Simplex (aziclovir)
32
Sign of Placental Separation
GRL 3. Gushing of blood 1. Rising Fundus (Calkin Sign) 2. Lengthening of Cord
33
Placenta Increta
- invades myometrium
34
Placenta Accreta
- attach yo myometrium - complication: abruptio placenta/bleeding
35
Placenta Bipartita
- placenta with 2 lobes
36
Placenta Tripartita
- placenta with 3 lobes
37
Placenta Succenturiata
- placenta with extra lobes
38
Battledore
- normal placenta placement but umbilical cord is attached in placental margin
39
Placenta Previa
- low lying placenta - painless - bright red
40
Abruptio Placenta
- premature separation of placenta - dark red bleeding - painful - sharp stabbing pain
41
Fern Test
- test for ruptured BOW - use Nitrazine Paper - Yellow = urine (acidic) - Blue = amniotic fluid (alkaline)
42
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)
- ⬆️ AFP = Neural Tube Defects - ⬇️ AFP = Down Syndrome
43
Prenatal Frequency
- 1-7 months = monthly - 8-9 months = every 2 weeks - 10 months = every week - Post term = 2x a week
44
Hypertension
- 1st trimester (H-mole) - 2nd and 3rd trimester (PIH)
45
1st sign of PIH
- edema in hands and face
46
Maternal Weight Gain (trimester)
- 1st trimester = 1lbs per month - 2nd and 3rd trimester = 1lbs per week
47
Varicose Vein
- decrease back flow to heart - Mgt: leg elevation
48
Risk for Thrombus Formation
- due to venous statis in lower extremities - Mgt: ambulation every 2 hours
49
Supine Hypotension
- due to compression of vena cava - Mgt: left lying position
50
Leg cramps
- due to ⬇️ calcium - Mgt: Dorsiflexion
51
Presumptive Sign of Pregnancy
1st trimester - BAUN - Breasts tenderness - Amenorrhea - Urinary Frequency - Nausea and Vomiting 2nd trimester - QC - Quickening - Chloasma (skin pigmentation)
52
Probable Sign of Pregnancy
1st trimester - HCG - Hegar Sign (softening of uterus) - Chadwick Sign (bluish vagina) - Goodles Sign (softening of cervix) 2nd Trimester - BB - Braxton's Hicks Contractions - Ballotement
53
Positive Sign of Pregnancy
+ FHB + FHT + Fetal movement + Fetal outline
54
Bleeding complications
1st Trimester - Ectopic pregnancy - Abortion 2nd Trimester - H-mole - Incompetent cervix 3rd Trimester - Placenta Previa - Abruptio Placenta
55
Cullen Sign
Bluish umbilicus
56
DOC for Ectopic Pregnancy
- Methotrexate - Salpingectomy
57
Fetal Demise
- termination of pregnancy after liability (<20 weeks)
58
Stillbirth
- baby is alive the entire pregnancy but DIED during delivery
59
Spontaneous Abortion
- cause by chromosomal abnormality
60
Induced Abortion
- intentional abortion
61
Threatened Abortion
+ spotting + abdominal cramping - cervical dilation
62
Inevitable (Imminent) Abortion
+ Spotting + Abdominal cramping + Cervical dilation
63
Complete Abortion
- all products are expelled
64
Incomplete Abortion
- some products are retained
65
Missed Abortion
- Fetal death in the uterus
66
Habitual Abortion
- 3 or more spontaneous abortion - cause by incompetent cervix
67
Management for Habitual Abortion
1. McDonald's - temporary cerclage (NSVD) 2. Shirodkar - permanent cerclage (CS)
68
Leopold Manuever
- determine fetal presentation - void first - supine with knees flexed
69
Leopold Manuever 1
- fetal presentation is cephalic or breech - head: more firm, round and had moves independently - breech: less well defined moves on in conjunction with the body
70
Leopold Manuever 2
- locate fetal back - Back:smooth, hard, resistant surface - Knees/Elbow: several angular nodulation
71
Leopold Manuever 3
- determine the part of the fetus at the inlet and its mobility - head is not engaged: move upward or sideward - head is engaged: head is firm settled into the pelvis
72
Leopold Manuever 4
- determine fetal attitude and degree of fetal extension into pelvis - done only if in cephalic presentation
73
Amniocentesis
- withdrawal of amniotic fluid - 2nd trimester - determine 1. Maple syrup urine disease - unable to process amino acid 2. Cytinosis - accumulation of cystine within cell
74
Ultrasound
- diagnose pregnancy - determine sex - predict maturity of lungs - confirm the presence, size, and location of the placenta and amniotic fluid - drink plenty of water
75
Non-Stress Test
- measure the response of fetal heart rate in relation to fetal movement - Reactive: 2 or more acceleration of FHR - Non-reactive: no acceleration
76
Contractions Stress Test
- measure response of fetal heart rate to uterine contractions 1. Nipple Stimulation 2. Oxytocin stimulation
77
Fetal Station
(-) floating 0 engaged (+) crowning
78
Mechanism of Labor
ED FIRE ERE - Engagement - Descent - Flexion - Internal Rotation - Extension - External Rotation - Expulsion
79
Precipitate Labor
- uterine contractions are strong - labor that lasts less than 3 hours
80
Complete position
Sitting
81
Frank positions
Buttocks
82
Footling
Thigh or lower legs
83
Gestation Hypertension
- ⬆️ bp - no edema - no proteinuria - bp returns to normal after delivery
84
HELLP Syndrome
- Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, Low Platelet - proteinuria - edema - ⬆️bp - Mgt: fresh frozen plasma
85
Early Deceleration
- fetal head compression - begins and ends simultaneously with uterine contractions
86
Late Decelerations
- utero placental insufficiency - delayed until 30-40 sec after the onset of contraction
87
Variable Decelerations
- fetal cord compression - unpredictable occurrence
88
Puerperium
- 6 weeks period after childbirth - Main Priority: achieve involution
89
Involution
- return of the reproductive organ to pre-pregnancy state - restoration of normal menstrual cycle
90
Takin in Phase
- woman review her pregnancy and labor and birth - dependent for care of self and newborn - rejecting rooming in
91
Taking Hold Phase
- begin to initiate action - independent of self care and newborn care
92
Letting Go Phase
- woman finally redefined her new role - she gives up the fantasized image of a child - accept reality
93
Rubra
- 1-3 days - bright red
94
Serosa
- Day 3-10 - pinkish to brownish
95
Alba
- Day 10 until 6th week postpartum - white in color
96
Return of Menstruation
- Lactating: 6 months - Non-Lactating: 6-10 weeks
97
Pregnant receiving insulin (trimester)
1st trimester - ⬇️ due to hypoglycemia (brain development of baby) 2nd & 3rd trimester - ⬆️ due to GDM Postpartum - ⬇️ due to delivery of placenta
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