What is matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What is mass?
The amount of substance in an object.
What happens when an object has more mass?
It becomes heavier.
What is the unit of mass?
Grams (g) or kilograms (kg).
Name three tools used to measure mass.
Beam balance, triple beam balance, electronic balance.
How can we show that air has mass?
What can we conclude from that experiment?
1) Two inflated balloons balanced on a ruler tilt when one balloon is burst.
2) The balloon with air is heavier.
3) We can conclude that air has mass.
How can we show that matter takes up space?
What do these experiments show?
1) Experiment A: When air bubbles into an inverted glass in water, the water level drops.
2) Experiment B: When a solid is placed in water, the water level rises.
3) The experiments show that all matter —solids, liquids, and gases — take up space.
Why do we make two holes in a can of juice to pour it out easily?
The second hole lets air enter and take the space of the liquid as it flows out.
What is volume?
The amount of space a substance or object occupies.
What is the unit of volume?
Cubic centimetres (cm³) or millilitres (ml).
What tool is used to measure volume?
Measuring cylinder.
How do we measure the volume of an irregular solid?
Place it in water and measure how much the water level rises.
How do we calculate the volume of a solid object?
Final water level – Initial water level = Volume of object
Remember the properties of the 3 states of matter
1) Solid:
Definite shape? Yes
Definite Volume? Yes
Can be compressed? No
2) Liquid:
Definite shape? No
Definite Volume? Yes
Can be compressed? No
3) Gas:
Definite shape? No
Definite Volume? No
Can be compressed? Yes
Do solids have a fixed shape and volume?
Yes, solids have both fixed shape and volume.
Do liquids have a fixed shape?
No, liquid takes the shape of their container.
Do liquids have a fixed volume?
Yes, the volume of liquid stays the same.
Can liquids be compressed?
No.
Do gases have a fixed shape or volume?
No, gases does not have fixed shape or volume.
Can gases be compressed?
Yes, easily.
What happens when more air is pumped into a ball?
The mass increases and the air inside is compressed.
What happens when we push the plunger of a syringe filled with air?
What does this show about air?
1) The air is compressed so its volume decreases.
2) Air can be compressed and has no fixed volume.
What happens when we push the plunger of a syringe filled with water?
What does this show about water?
1) The volume stays the same because water cannot be compressed.
2) Water cannot be compressed and has a fixed volume.
