FUNDA LAB > Medication > Flashcards

Medication Flashcards

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1
Q

Any substance that alters physiologic function, with the potential of affecting health

A

Drug

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2
Q

A substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, relief, or prevention of health alteration

A

Medication

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3
Q

Drugs can be administered for these purposes

A
  1. Diagnostic purposes
  2. Prophylaxis
  3. Therapeutic purposes.
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4
Q
  1. A compound occurring in the liver and other tissues which inhibits blood coagulation.
  2. A sulfur-containing polysaccharide, it is used as an anticoagulant in the treatment of thrombosis.
A

Heparin

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5
Q

“DESIRED EFFECT” The primary effects intended, that is, the reason the drug is prescribed

A

Therapeutic effect

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6
Q

SECONDARY EFFECT” The effect of the drug that is unintended

A

Side Effect

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7
Q

The immunologic reaction to a drug

A

Drug Allergy

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8
Q

Severe allergic reaction which usually occurs immediately following the administration of a drug

A

Anaphylactic Reaction

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9
Q

A decreased physiologic response to the repeated administration of a drug or chemically related substance

A

Drug Tolerance

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10
Q

inappropriate intake of substance, either continually or periodically

A

Drug Abuse

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11
Q

It is a person’s reliance or a need to take a drug or substance. Intense physical or emotional disturbance is produced if drug is withdrawn

A

Drug Dependence

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12
Q

“PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE” It is due to biochemical changes in body tissues, especially the nervous system.

A

Addiction

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13
Q

Relieves the symptoms of a disease but does not affect the disease itself

A

Palliative

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14
Q

Treats a disease or condition

A

Curative

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15
Q

Sustains body functions until other treatment of body’s response can take over

A

Supportive

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16
Q

Replaces body fluids or substances

A

Subtitute

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17
Q

Destroy malignant cells

A

Chemotherapeutic

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18
Q

returns the body to health

A

Restorative

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19
Q

It is carried out until the specified period of time; or until it is discontinued by another order

A

Standing Order

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20
Q

It is carried out for one time only, at specific time. (pre-op meds.)

A

Single Order

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21
Q

It is carried out at once or immediately

A

STAT Order

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22
Q

It is carried out as the patient requires

A

PRN Order

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23
Q

Parts Of Legal Doctor’s Order

A
  • Name of Patient
  • Date and Time
  • Name of Drug
  • Dose of Drug
  • Route of Administration
  • Time of Frequency
  • Signature of the Physician
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24
Q

Is a written order from a registered physician, a dentist, or a veterinarian or a surgeon or any other person licensed by law to prescribe drugs, containing instructions for preparation and dispensing to the pharmacist along with made of administration for the patient.

A

Prescription

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25
12 Rights to Medication
1. Right Medication 2. Right Patient 3. Right Time 4. Right Route 5. Right Dose 6. Right Response 7. Right Reason 8. Right Documentation 9. Right Assessment & Evaluation 10. Right Client Education 11. Right to Refuse Medication 12. Right Expiration Date
26
Basic Principles
1. Practice asepsis. 2. Nurses who administer medications are responsible for their own actions. Question any order that you consider incorrect. 3. Be knowledgeable about medications that you administer. 4. Keep narcotics and barbiturates in locked place. 5. Use only medications that are in clearly labeled containers. 6. Return liquid that are cloudy or have changed in color to the pharmacy. 7. Before administering medication, identify the client correctly. 8. Do not leave the medication, identify the client correctly. 9. If the client vomits after taking an oral medication, report this to the nurse in charge or the physician. 10. Pre-operative medications are usually discontinued during the post-operative period unless ordered to be continued. 11. When a medication is omitted for any reason, record the fact together with the reason. 12. When a medication error is made, report it immediately to the nurse or physician.
27
Medications are instilled in mucous membranes of eye for various therapeutic effects.
OPHTHALMIC MEDICATIONS
28
To provide an eye medication the client requires
Instillation
29
To clear the eye of noxious or other foreign material or excessive secretions or in preparation for surgery
Irrigation
30
Instill liquid medication into external auditory canal for such therapeutic effects.
Otic Medication
31
To soften earwax To remove cerumen or pus To relieve pain
Instillation
32
To remove cerumen or pus To remove foreign object To apply heat
Irrigation
33
usually are instilled for their astringent effect (to shrink the swollen mucous membranes), to loosen secretions and facilitate drainage or treat infections of the nasal cavity or sinuses.
Nasal Medications
34
Drugs given by the oral or gastric route are absorbed into the bloodstream through the gastric or intestinal mucosa. Usually, the patient swallows the drug
Oral Medications
35
Forms of oral medications?
Tablets Capsules Liquid drugs like syrup Powder granules oil
36
A drug that is placed under the tongue, where it dissolves
Sublingual
37
A medication is held in the mouth against the mucous membranes of the cheek until the drug dissolves
Buccal
38
The administration of medication by needle.
Parenteral
39
Intravenous (IV) Needle Gauge and Length
Gauge: 16-20 Length: 1-1.5
40
Intramuscular (IM) Needle Gauge and Length
Needle Gauge: 19-22 Needle Length: 1-1.5
41
Subcutaneous (SQ) Needle Gauge and Length
Needle Gauge: 24-27 Needle Length: 3/8-1
42
Intradermal (ID) Needle Gauge and Length
Needle Gauge: 25-26 Needle Length: 3/8"
43
“Into the Dermis” The administration of a drug into the dermal layer of the skin just beneath the epidermis. Indicates for allergy and tuberculin testing and for vaccinations.
Intradermal Injection
44
Sites for Intradermal Injection?
1. Inner lower arm 2. Upper chest 3. Back, beneath the scapulae
45
hypodermic, into the subcutaneous tissue
Subcutaneous Injection
46
Drug administered subcutaneously?
1. Vaccines 2. Insulin 3. Heparin 4. Preoperative medications 5. Narcotics
47
Sites for Subcutaneous Injection?
1. Outer aspects of the upper arms 2. Anterior aspect of the thigh 3. Abdomen 4. Scapular areas of the upper back 5. Upper ventrogluteal and dorso-gluteal areas.
48
Should you aspirate when doing Subcutaneous Injection?
No
49
Angle of insertion for normal size patients in Subcutaneous
45 degrees
50
Angle of insertion for obese patients in Subcutaneous
90 degrees
51
“Into the Muscle”
Intramuscular Injection
52
Sites for Intramuscular Injection
Deltoid site Ventrogluteal site Dorso-gluteal site Vastus lateralis site Rectus femoris site
53
Appropriate syringe for administration thru Intramuscular
2.5, 3, 5 and 10 ml
54
Intramuscular site for Adults
Deltoid
55
Intramuscular Site for Infants
Vastus Lateralis
56
Complications when the Subcutaneous Injection does not change sides
Lipohypertrophy
57
1. Method used with irritating medications 2. Vistaril 3. Iron 4. Used to “trap” medication in muscle and prevent “tracking” of solution through tissues.
Z track IM Administration
58
When to Aspirate?
(IM & SC injection) The reason for aspiration before injection a medication is to ensure that the needle is not in a blood vessel. If blood appears in the syringe, withdraw the needle, discard the syringe, and prepare a new injection.
59
When Not to Aspirate?
When administering SC heparin/ insulin, it is recommended that you DO NOT aspirate. Because of the anticoagulant properties of heparin, aspiration could damage surrounding tissue and cause bleeding and bursting.
60
“into a vein” and directly into the blood
Intravenous Injection
61
Sites for Intravenous Injection
1. Hand. Dorsal arch veins 2. Wrist. Volar aspect 3. Cubital fossa. Median antecubital, cephalic and basilic veins 4. Foot. Dorsal arch 5. Scalp. Scalp veins should only be used once other alternatives are exhausted areas
62
Assessment For Reactions if via IV
3-5 Minutes
63
Assessment For Reactions if via IM
3-20 Minutes
64
Assessment For Reactions if via SC
3-20 Minutes
65
Assessment For Reactions if via PO
30-45 Minutes
66
held inside the cheek
buccal
67
delivered directly into the stomach or intestine (with a G-tube or J-tube)
enteral
68
breathed in through a tube or mask
inhalable
69
injected into a vein with an IV line and slowly dripped in over time
infused
70
injected into muscle with a syringe
intramuscular
71
injected into your spine
intrathecal
72
injected into a vein or into an IV line
intravenous
73
given into the nose by spray or pump
nasal
74
given into the eye by drops, gel, or ointment
Ophthalmic
75
swallowed by mouth as a tablet, capsule, lozenge, or liquid
oral
76
given by drops into the ear
otic
77
inserted into the rectum
rectal
78
injected just under the skin/ in fats
subcutaneous
79
held under the tongue
sublingual
80
applied to the skin
topical
81
Angle of insertion Intradermal Injection
5-15 degrees
82
Wheal is a byproduct of what Injection?
Intradermal
83
Angle of insertion on Intramuscular Injection
90 degrees
FUNDA LAB
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