Prof. Messer > memorization > Flashcards

memorization Flashcards

(132 cards)

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1
Q

• Non-ephemeral ports – permanent port numbers(range)

A
  • Ports 0 through 1,023

* Usually on a server or service

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2
Q

• Ephemeral ports – temporary port numbers(range)

A
  • Ports 1,024 through 65,535

* Determined in real-time by the client

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3
Q

FTP – File Transfer Protocol

A
  • tcp/20 (active mode data), tcp/21 (control)

* Transfers files between systems

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4
Q

SSH - Secure Shell

A
  • Encrypted communication link - tcp/22

* Looks and acts the same as Telnet

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5
Q

Telnet port, protocol and use:

A
  • Telnet – Telecommunication Network - tcp/23
  • Login to devices remotely
  • Console access
  • In-the-clear communication
  • Not the best choice for production systems
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6
Q

SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

A

• Server to server email transfer - tcp/25
• Also used to send mail from a device to a mail server
• Commonly configured on mobile devices
and email clients

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7
Q

DNS - Domain Name System

A

• Converts names to IP addresses - udp/53

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8
Q

HTTP and HTTPS ports and protocols and uses

A
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol - tcp/80
  • Communication in the browser
  • And by other applications
  • In the clear or encrypted - HTTPS - tcp/443
  • Supported by nearly all web servers and clients
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9
Q

POP / IMAP port number, protocol and uses

A 
• Receive emails from an email server
• Authenticate and transfer
• POP3 - Post office Protocol version 3 - tcp/110
• Basic mail transfer functionality
• IMAP4
• Internet Message Access Protocol v4 - tcp/143
• Includes management of email inbox
from multiple clients
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10
Q

RDP - Remote Desktop Protocol

A

• Share a desktop from a remote location over tcp/3389
• Remote Desktop Services on many Windows versions
• Can connect to an entire desktop
or just an application

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11
Q

SMB- protocols, ports and uses:

A
  • SMB tcp/445 (NetBIOS-less) Protocol used by Microsoft Windows
  • File sharing, printer sharing
  • Also called CIFS (Common Internet File System)
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12
Q

AFP (Apple Filing Protocol)

A
  • File services in macOS

* tcp/548

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13
Q

SLP (Service Location Protocol)port, protocol and uses:

A
  • tcp/427 and udp/427
  • Populates the list of available devices
  • File management
  • Copy, move, delete files
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14
Q

DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

A

• Automated configuration of IP address, subnet mask
and other options
• udp/67, udp/68

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15
Q

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

A
  • tcp/389
  • Store and retrieve information in a network directory
  • Commonly used in Microsoft Active Directory
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16
Q

SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol

uses, port # and protocol:

A
  • Gather statistics from network devices
  • Queries: udp/161
  • Traps: udp/162
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17
Q

Sends and receives files between systems tcp/20, tcp21

A

FTP/ File Transfer Protocol

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18
Q

Encrypted console access tcp/22

A

SSH/ Secure Shell

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19
Q

Insecure console access tcp/23

A

Telnet /Telecommunication Network

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20
Q

Transfer email between mail servers tcp/25

A

SMTP/ Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

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21
Q

Convert domain names to IP addresses udp/53, tcp/53

A

DNS/ Domain Name System

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22
Q

Web server communication tcp/80

A

HTTP/ Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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23
Q

Web server communication with encryption tcp/443

A

HTTPS/ Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

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24
Q

Receive email into a email client tcp/110

A

POP3/ Post Office Protocol version 3

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25
A newer email client protocol tcp/143
IMAP4/ Internet Message Access Protocol v4
26
Graphical display of remote devices tcp/3389
RDP/ Remote Desktop Protocol
27
Register, remove, and find Windows services by name udp/137
NetBIOS/ NetBIOS name service
28
Windows connectionless data transfer udp/138
NetBIOS/ NetBIOS datagram service
29
Windows connection-oriented data transfer tcp/139
NetBIOS/ NetBIOS session service
30
Windows file transfers and printer sharing tcp/445
SMB/ Server Message Block
31
Mac OS file transfers tcp/548
AFP/ Apple Filing Protocol
32
Find Mac OS services by name tcp/427, udp/427
SLP/ Service Location Protocol
33
Automate the IP address configuration process udp/67, udp/68
DHCP/ Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
34
Directory services tcp/389
LDAP/ Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
35
Gather metrics and manage network devices udp/161
SNMP/ Simple Network Management Protocol
36
Cable modem speeds
High-speed networking • 4 Mbits/s through 250 Mbits/s are common • Gigabit speeds are possible
37
DSL modem speeds
• ~10,000 foot limitation from the central office (CO) • 52 Mbit/s downstream / 16 Mbit/s upstream are common • Faster speeds may be possible if closer to the CO
38
Ethernet over Power (EOP) speeds
* Also called Power-line communication (PLC) * IEEE standard 1901 * 500 megabits per second
39
802.11a throughput
* Operates in the 5 GHz range | * 54 megabits per second (Mbit/s)
40
* Operates in the 5 GHz range | * 54 megabits per second (Mbit/s)
802.11a
41
802.11b
``` • Operates in the 2.4 GHz range • 11 megabits per second (Mbit/s) • Better range than 802.11a • Less absorption problems • More frequency conflict • Baby monitors, cordless phones, microwave ovens, Bluetooth ```
42
``` • Operates in the 2.4 GHz range • 11 megabits per second (Mbit/s) • Better range than 802.11a • Less absorption problems • More frequency conflict • Baby monitors, cordless phones, microwave ovens, Bluetooth ```
802.11b
43
802.11g throughput and details:
* Operates in the 2.4 GHz range * 54 megabits per second (Mbit/s) * Same as 802.11a (but a little bit less throughput) * Backwards-compatible with 802.11b * Same frequency conflict problems as 802.11b
44
* Operates in the 2.4 GHz range * 54 megabits per second (Mbit/s) * Same as 802.11a (but a little bit less throughput) * Backwards-compatible with 802.11b * Same frequency conflict problems as 802.11b
802.11g
45
802.11n specifications:
``` • Operates at 5 GHz and/or 2.4 GHz • 40 MHz channel widths • 600 megabits per second (Mbit/s) • 40 MHz mode and 4 antennas uses MIMO • Multiple-input multiple-output • Multiple transmit and receive antennas ```
46
``` • Operates at 5 GHz and/or 2.4 GHz • 40 MHz channel widths • 600 megabits per second (Mbit/s) • 40 MHz mode and 4 antennas uses MIMO • Multiple-input multiple-output • Multiple transmit and receive antennas ```
802.11n
47
802.11ac throughput and details:
• Operates in the 5 GHz band • Less crowded, more frequencies (up to 160 MHz channel bandwidth) • Increased channel bonding - Larger bandwidth usage • Denser signaling modulation - Faster data transfers • Eight MU-MIMO streams • Nearly 7 gigabits per second
48
• Operates in the 5 GHz band • Less crowded, more frequencies (up to 160 MHz channel bandwidth) • Increased channel bonding - Larger bandwidth usage • Denser signaling modulation - Faster data transfers • Eight MU-MIMO streams • Nearly 7 gigabits per second
802.11ac
49
Zigbee throughput:
* Uses the ISM band * Industrial, Scientific, and Medical * 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies
50
Z-Wave throughput
``` • Uses the ISM band • Industrial, Scientific, and Medical • 900 MHz frequencies in the US • No conflicts with 802.11 ```
51
``` • Uses the ISM band • Industrial, Scientific, and Medical • 900 MHz frequencies in the US • No conflicts with 802.11 ```
Z-Wave
52
* Uses the ISM band * Industrial, Scientific, and Medical * 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies
Zigbee
53
Dialup speeds
* 56 kbit/s modems * Compression up to 320 kbit/s * Relatively slow throughput
54
Satellite networking speeds
* High cost relative to terrestrial networking * 50 Mbit/s down, 3 Mbit/s up are common * High frequencies - 2 GHz * Line of sight, rain fade
55
10BASE-T cable category and distance
Category 3 / 100 meters
56
Ethernet standard for: Category 3 / 100 meters
10BASE-T
57
100BASE-TX, | 1000BASE-T cable category and distance
Category 5,5e/ 100 meters
58
Ethernet standard for: Category 5,5e/ 100 meters
100BASE-TX, | 1000BASE-T
59
10GBASE-T cable category and distance
Category 6/ 37 to 55 meters
60
Ethernet standard for: Category 6/ 37 to 55 meters
10GBASE-T
61
10GBASE-T(augmented) cable category and distance
Category 6A/ 100 meter | augmented
62
Ethernet standard for: Category 6A/ 100 meter | augmented
10GBASE-T
63
TIA/EIA 568A • Pin assignments
white & green, green, white & orange, blue, white & blue, orange, white & brown, brown
64
• Pin assignments white & green, green, white & orange, blue, white & blue, orange, white & brown, brown
TIA/EIA 568A
65
TIA/EIA 568B • Pin assignments
white & orange, orange, white & green, blue, white& blue, green, white & brown, brown
66
• Pin assignments white & orange, orange, white & green, blue, white& blue, green, white & brown, brown
TIA/EIA 568B
67
• Thunderbolt v1 throughput
* Two channels * 10 Gbit/s per channel * 20 Gbit/s total throughput
68
• Two channels • 10 Gbit/s per channel • 20 Gbit/s total throughput what connector is this?
• Thunderbolt v1 throughput
69
• Thunderbolt v2 throughput
* 20 Gbit/s aggregated channels | * Mini DisplayPort connector
70
* 20 Gbit/s aggregated channels | * Mini DisplayPort connector
• Thunderbolt v2 throughput
71
• Thunderbolt v3 throughput
* 40 Gbit/s aggregated throughput * USB-C connector * Maximum 3 meters (copper) * 60 meters (optical), daisy-chain up to 6 devices
72
* 40 Gbit/s aggregated throughput * USB-C connector * Maximum 3 meters (copper) * 60 meters (optical), daisy-chain up to 6 devices
• Thunderbolt v3 throughput
73
• USB 1.1 throughput
* Low speed: 1.5 megabits per second, 3 meters | * Full speed: 12 megabits per second, 5 meters
74
* Low speed: 1.5 megabits per second, 3 meters | * Full speed: 12 megabits per second, 5 meters
• USB 1.1 throughput
75
• USB 2.0 throughput
480 megabits per second, 5 meters
76
480 megabits per second, 5 meters | throughput for which USB?
• USB 2.0 throughput
77
• USB 3.0 - SuperSpeed throughput
5 gigabits per second, ~3 meters | • Standard does not specify a cable length
78
5 gigabits per second, ~3 meters | • Standard does not specify a cable length
• USB 3.0 - SuperSpeed throughput
79
• USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ throughput
• 10 Gbit/sec
80
10 Gbit/sec USB throughput
USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+
81
• USB 3.2 throughput
* SuperSpeed+ over a USB-C connector | * 10 Gbit/sec and 20 Gbit/sec
82
* SuperSpeed+ over a USB-C connector | * 10 Gbit/sec and 20 Gbit/sec
• USB 3.2 throughput
83
• SATA Revision 1.0 throughput
• 1.5 Gbit/s, 1 meter
84
• SATA Revision 2.0 throughput
• 3.0 Gbit/s, 1 meter
85
• SATA Revision 3.0 throughput
SATA 6.0 Gbit/s, 1 meter
86
• SATA Revision 3.2 throughput
• 16 Gbit/s, 1 meter
87
• CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM) storage capacity:
• 700 megabytes (MB) capacity
88
• DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc) single and dual layer throughputs
* 4.7 gigabytes (GB) for single-layer | * 8.5 GB for dual-layer
89
• Blu-ray Disc single and dual layer throughput:
• 25 GB for single-layer, 50 GB for dual-layer
90
M.2 interface throughput
• Can use a PCI Express bus connection • 4 GByte/second throughput or faster
91
• RAID 0
– Striping
92
– Striping
• RAID 0
93
• RAID 1
- Mirroring
94
- Mirroring | which RAID level:
• RAID 1
95
•Describe RAID 5
– Striping with Parity
96
– Striping with Parity | which RAID level:
• RAID 5
97
• Nested RAID - RAID 1+0 (a.k.a. RAID 10) | describe:
• A stripe of mirrors
98
+12 V used on:
• PCIe adapters, hard drive motors, cooling fans, | most modern components
99
+5 V used on:
Some motherboard components | • Many components are now using +3.3 V
100
+3.3 V used on which components:
• M.2 slots, RAM slots, motherboard logic circuits
101
-12 V is used on which components?
* Integrated LAN * Older serial ports * Some PCI cards
102
-5 V used on which components?
* Available for ISA adapter cards * Most cards didn’t use it * Today’s motherboards don’t have ISA slots
103
Gaming PC component needs:
* SSD * Fast start and load times * High-end video/specialized GPU * Graphically complex * High definition sound card * Multiple layers, atmosphere * High-end cooling * High utilization for hours at a time
104
Standard thick client component needs:
``` • Desktop applications • Executable programs running in local memory and using local CPU • Meets recommended requirements for running the operating system • CPU, total RAM, disk space ```
105
Thin client component needs:
• Basic application usage
106
Network attached storage device component needs:
* NAS - Access from anywhere * Media streaming - Central location * File sharing - Easy access * Gigabit NIC - High speed transfers * RAID array - Redundant hard drives
107
• “Painted” with a laser • Picks up toner - Transfers toner to the paper • Can be separate from the toner cartridge or combined which printer part is this?
Imaging drum
108
• Heat and pressure - Melt plastic toner powder • Permanently bond toner to paper What printer part is this?
Fuser assembly
109
Pickup paper - Should be a single page at a time • Problems if no paper is picked up or multiple sheets are picked • Should be periodically cleaned or replaced what printer part is this?
Pickup rollers
110
Pull just the top sheet from the paper tray • Not multiple sheets • Small and inexpensive - Easy to clean or replace What printer part is this?
Separation pad
111
``` Printing on both sides is a two step process • Print side one, print side two • You need mechanisms to “flip” the page • Automatically • Can be built-in to the printer • Or available as an add-on What part of the printer is this? ```
Duplexing assembly
112
• Build the entire page in memory
Step 1: Processing
113
Step 1: of printing
Processing
114
Prepare the drum with a negative electrostatic charge which printing step:
Step 2: Charging
115
Step 2:
Charging
116
• Write the image with the laser | what print step is this?
Step 3: Exposing
117
Step 3 of printing process:
Exposing
118
Add toner to the charged areas of the imaging drum what printing stage is this?
Step 4: Developing
119
Step 4 of the printing process:
Developing
120
• Move the toner from | the drum to the paper
Step 5: Transferring
121
Step 5:
Transferring
122
• Heat and pressure during this printing step:
Step 6: Fusing
123
Step 6:
Fusing
124
• Remove excess toner | what printing process:
Step 7: Cleaning
125
Step 7 of the printing process:
Cleaning
126
troubleshooting step: 1
``` Identify the problem • Information gathering • Get as many details as possible • Duplicate the issue, if possible • Backup everything ```
127
troubleshooting step: 2
Establish a theory • Start with the obvious • Make a list of all possible causes • Start with the easy theories
128
troubleshooting step: 3
Test the theory • Confirm the theory • Determine next steps to resolve problem • Call an expert
129
troubleshooting step: 4
``` Create a plan of action • Build the plan • Correct the issue with a minimum of impact • Some issues can’t be resolved during production hours ```
130
troubleshooting step: 5
``` Implement the solution • Fix the issue • Implement during the change control window • Escalate as necessary • You may need help from a 3rd party ```
131
troubleshooting step: 6
``` Verify full system functionality • It’s not fixed until it’s really fixed • The test should be part of your plan • Have your customer confirm the fix • Implement preventative measures • Let’s avoid this issue in the future ```
132
troubleshooting step: 7
``` Document findings • It’s not over until you build the knowledge base • Don’t lose valuable knowledge! • What action did you take? • What outcome did it have? ```
Prof. Messer
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