Memory

Question 1

define memory

Answer 1

the active information processing system that encodes, identifies and stores info)

laptop
*keyboard
*search bar
*files

Question 2

what is the information processing model? what are the three models

Answer 2

• framework used to describe the process of the brain
• encoding: typing on a computer
• storage: folders
• retrieval : search browser

Question 3

what its working memory?

Answer 3

• another word for short term memory
• mental working of the brain
• retrieving info, problem solving, comprehending sounds/ visions
• online Kaplan skills
• problem solving = maths
• comprehending = English
  sounds and visions = on computer
• recalls info from sensory and long-term memories

Question 4

what is encoding?

Answer 4

changing info from one to another

external stimuli -> code -> memory

• typing on a computer

Question 5

what is storage?

Answer 5

• storage of memory over time
• saving a file on computer

Question 6

Retrieval

Answer 6

• locating and recalling information from long term memory

-how organised the storage system easier to retain memory

• search browser

Question 7

what are the three different memory systems?

Answer 7

• sensory memory
• short term memory
• long term memory

Question 8

what is our memory influenced by?

Answer 8

structural features
- capacity of the store
- duration of the store
* a cup of water
- how long the water is in there for
- how much water it can hold

control features
- processing information ( attention rehearsal and retrieval)

• practising phone number
• remembering phone number

Question 9

what is sensory memory

Answer 9

• a mental representation of how environmental events look, sound, feel, smell and taste.

e.g stopping at a spotlight

capacity: 7±2 items at a given moment

duration: 0.5 -3 seconds

• unconscious

Question 10

what is long-term memory

Answer 10

• can hold an unlimited amount of information for an indefinite period of time
• full capacity
• long duration
• unconscious
• remember info by retrieval cues

Question 11

what is the limit on Retaining information in short term memory?

Answer 11

short term memory between 5-9 spaces

Question 12

where does retain of info occur in the brain?

Answer 12

happens in the frontal lobe

Question 13

what is implicit memory

Answer 13

Information you remember unconsciously
- Knowing how to ride a bike

Question 14

what is explicit memory

Answer 14

information that you have to consciously work to remember is known as explicit memory.

• events from your life

Question 15

what is shallow processing?

Answer 15

While shallow processing involves structural (discourse organization) and phonemic (sound-related) analysis resulting in short term retention of information

Question 16

what is deep processing?

Answer 16

deep processing implicates semantic (meaning- oriented) explorations, which facilitate associations with previous knowledge, generating better access to memory

Question 17

iconic memory?

Answer 17

• “eye” = visual
• duration: 0.3 seconds
• capacity: unlimited
• forgetting: fades rapidly

Question 18

echoic memory?

Answer 18

• “echo” = sound
• duration: 3-4 seconds
• capacity: unlimited
• Forgetting: fades rapidly

Question 19

what is Maintenance Rehearsal (MR)?

Answer 19

• strategies which help people retain info
• constant repeating of info, to keep it fresh in memory
• phone number

Question 20

what are the methods of MR

Answer 20

• verbal - saying the words out loud ( vocal), thinking words in head (sub-vocal)
• non verbal - keeping an image in ones mind

(visualising), imaging how it feels to perform an action (muscular)

• phone number = vocal
• how to tie shoe laces = visualising