Memory Models

Question 1

WHat are the two memory models?

Answer 1

• (multi store memory model) - Atkinson and shiffrin

- (levels of processing model) - Craik and Lockharts

Question 2

WHy is memory important in sport?

Answer 2

allows you to remember how to perform differant skills, tactics and stratergies

Question 3

What does the multistore memory model suggest?

Answer 3

• 3 stages of remembering info

- each stage has a certain amount of info it can hold and for a certain amount of time

Question 4

what are the three stages in multi store model?

Answer 4

• short term sensory store (STSS)
• short term memory (STM)
• long term memory (LTM)

Question 5

How long can info be held in each stage of multi-store memory?

Answer 5

• STSS (up to 1 sec)
• STM (up to 30 sec)
• LTM (permanently)

Question 6

What is the capacity of each stage in the multi memory model?

Answer 6

• STSS (limitless)
• STM (7+ / -2 items)
• LTM (limitless)

Question 7

diagram of multi store memory model?

Answer 7

Question 8

Explain short term sensory store?

Answer 8

• information in the form of stimuli / cues are taken in from environment using senses
• info passes into short term sensory store
• help up to 1 sec, limitless
• SELECTIVE ATTENTION takes place, most relevant info is remembered and all irrelevant info forgotten
• ## RELEVENT info is passed to short term memory

Question 9

Why is selective attention important in sport?

Answer 9

need to quickly be able to concentrate on important information and block out distractions

Question 10

What is selective attention?

Answer 10

where relevent stimuli are focused on irrelevent stimuli are fogotten

Question 11

Explain short term memory?

Answer 11

• known as workspace and is where info from the STSS and LTM is bought together and a decision is made on what to do
• based on situation, STM retrieves info from LTM about how to respond
• info held for about 30 seconds, remeber 5-9 bits of info
• continually rehearsing/ practising info helps it move from STM to LTM
• chuncking can also be used

Question 12

What is chunking?

Answer 12

• rather then trying to remember each separate move made by each player, remember the whole set play

Question 13

when does retrieval happen?

Answer 13

short term memory retrieves info from long term memory when presented with a situation

Question 14

What would be retrieved when, in tennis your opponent tries to lob you but it has fallen short?

Answer 14

smash shot is retrieved and performed

Question 15

Explain long term memory?

Answer 15

• where motor programs are stored ( how to ride a bike, swim)
• well learned/ repeatedly practised skills stored her permanently
• it is limitless
• info retrieved when needed
• info received from STM, performer uses information from LTM and links with current movement from STM

Question 16

Strengths of multi-store memory model ?

Answer 16

• simple to understand
• realistic and explains how people deal with large amounts of info
• explains how those with brain damage can suffer from dysfunctional memory
• long term memory explains how performer can do skills havent done in a while
• is true that info repeated / chunked more likely to be stored in LTM

Question 17

Weaknesses of multi-store memory model?

Answer 17

-