Research on Coding
Baddeley et al.
Research on Capacity
Jacobs et al.
7 plus or minus two
Miller
Duration of LTM
Bahrick et al.
392 college graduates
Recall 90% after 15 years
70% after 48 years
Duration of STM
Peterson and Peterson
Creation of the Multi-Store Memory Model
Atkinson and Shiffrin
Creation of different types of long term memory
Tulving
Creation of Working Memory Model
Baddeley and Hitch
Study that showed dual task performance could be done
Baddeley et al.
Visual and verbal tasks could be done at the same time
Study on Interference
McGeoch and McDonald
Participants learn a list of words
Participants then placed into groups and asked to learn different lists of words, either similar to the original or not
Supporting Research for Inteference
Baddeley and Hitch
Rugby players asked to recall names of opponants
Evidence to show interference could be overcome with a cue
Tulving and Pskota
Participants told to remember words, and recall decreased as participants learned more words
Recall rose to 70% after they were given a cue
Another supporting study for interference involving drugs
Coenen and van Luijtelaar (1997)
Gave participants the drug diazepam which stopped new information from being learnt when taken after learning words
Encoding specificity principle
Tulving
Research on state dependant forgetting
Carter and Cassidy
Research on context dependant forgetting
Godden and Baddeley
Research support for need of cues
Aggleton and Waskett
Leading Questions
Loftus and Palmer
Contacted- 31.8 mph
Smashed 40.5 mph
Post-event discussion
Gabbert et al.
71% mistaken recall after discussion
Research challenging substitution
Sutherland and Hayne
Leading questions didn’t distort central details
Research challenging memory conformity
Skagerberg and Wright
Participants recall a blend of what they discussed in the PED
Positive effects of anxiety
Yuille and Cutshall
88% of low anxiety people were accurate
75% high anxiety people were accurate
Negative effects of anxiety
Johnson and Scott
49% low anxiety able to identify
33% high anxiety able to identify
Research support for negative effects
Valentine and Mesout
