Metals

Question 1

What are metals made from?

Answer 1

An ore

Question 2

How can metal be converted into usable form

Answer 2

has to be mined, refined and processed

Question 3

What is an alloy?

Answer 3

A mixture of two or more metals to improve their properties

Question 4

What are the two main types of metals?

Answer 4

1. Ferrous Metals
2. Non-ferrous metals

Question 5

What are ferrous metals?

Answer 5

Metals containing iron

Question 6

What are non-ferrous metals?

Answer 6

Metals that do not contain iron

Question 7

Can both types of metals be recycled?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

Ferrous Metals

How is carbon steel made?

Answer 8

Pure iron is generally too soft

adding carbon makes this material

Question 9

Ferrous Metals

What does the amount of steel determine on pure iron?

Answer 9

Effect on the material’s properties

Question 10

Ferrous Metals

Disadvantage of carbon steel

Answer 10

• Poor corrosion resistance - rust easily

Question 11

Ferrous Metals

How to reduce corrosion resistance with carbon steel?

Answer 11

Coating with other metals e.g zinc

or

painted

Question 12

Ferrous Metals

Properties of low-carbon steel

Answer 12

1. Weakest steels
2. Stronger than non-ferrous metals
3. Easy to machine
4. Tough and cheap
5. Cannot be hardened or tempered

Question 13

Ferrous Metals

Examples of using low-carbon steel

Answer 13

• Car bodies
• Panels for fridge
• Steel sheet
• Screws nails

Question 14

Ferrous Metals

Properties of medium carbon steel

Answer 14

• Tough, strong and hard
• Fairly cheap
• More difficult to form than low carbon steel
• Cannot be hardened

Question 15

Ferrous Metals

Where is medium carbon steel used fo?

Answer 15

• Gears
• railway wheels
• high strength tubing

Question 16

Ferrous Metals

Properties of high carbon steel

Answer 16

• Strong and harder than medium carbon steel
• Not Tough
• Difficult to form but quite cheap
• Can be hardened and tempered

Question 17

Ferrous Metals

Where is high carbon steel used?

Answer 17

• Ball bearings
• knives
• saws
• chisels
• hammer

Question 18

Ferrous Metals

Properties of cast iron

Answer 18

• Good compressive strength
• Hard but can be brittle
• Melts easily
• Good for casting
• Cheap
• Poor corrosion resistance - rusts easily

Question 19

Ferrous Metals

Where is cast iron used?

Answer 19

• Engine blocks
• Engineering vices
• Anvils

Question 20

Ferrous Metals

Properties of stainless steel

Answer 20

• Hard and can be difficult to machine
• Quite expensive
• Good corrosion resistance

Question 21

Ferrous Metals

Where is stainless steel used?

Answer 21

• Sinks
• kettles
• medical equipment
• knives
• forks

Question 22

What are the most common

non-ferrous metals?

Answer 22

• Aluminium
• Titanium
• Zinc
• Pure copper
• Bronze and bass

Question 23

Non-ferrous metals

Advantages of aluminium

Answer 23

• Good corrosion resistance
• Lower density than steel - same size , less weight

Question 24

Non-ferrous metals

Disadvantages of aluminium

Answer 24

• Expensive than steel
• Not as strong
• often alloyed to improve its uses

Question 25

***_Non-ferrous metals_*** What is aluminium used and its alloys?

Answer 25

* Aircraft structures * cans for soft drinks

Question 26

***_Non-ferrous metals_*** Advantages of titanium

Answer 26

* Stronger than aluminium * Excellent corrosion resistance * Lower density than steel

Question 27

***_Non-ferrous metals_*** Disadvantages of using titanium and its alloys

Answer 27

Used for high performance aircraft structures

Question 28

***_Non-ferrous metals_*** Advantages of pure copper

Answer 28

* Good conductor of electricity * Flexible

Question 29

***_Non-ferrous metals_*** Disadvantage of using pure copper

Answer 29

It lacks strength

Question 30

How is pure copper made strong?

Answer 30

By adding copper oxide

Question 31

***_Non-ferrous metals_*** What is pure copper used for?

Answer 31

Wires and pipework for domestic use

Question 32

What is bronze?

Answer 32

An alloy of copper and tin frequently used for casting

Question 33

What is brass?

Answer 33

Alloy of copper and zinc which is difficult to cast but machined to a good finish

Question 34

What is the uses of brass and bronze?

Answer 34

* High-pressure valve bodies * Statues * doorknobs * electrical parts