METAR Flashcards

Question

PROB

Answer 1

Probability of occurrence is 30 or 40% (probabilities of less than 30% are not given), and is only used with reference to thunderstorms or poor visibility resulting from fog, mist, dust, smoke or sand. If the estimated probability of occurrence is equal to or greater than 50%, then reference to PROB is not included. When using PROB with thunderstorms, INTER and TEMPO are also included whenever appropriate to indicate the probable duration. Where PROB is used without one of these, the likely period of occurrence will be deemed to be one hour or more.

Answer 2

TEMPO is used for periods of 30 minutes or more but less than 60 minutes. INTER is used for periods less than 30 minutes.

Answer 3

BECMG is used when one set of prevailing weather conditions is expected to change, during the given period, to a different set of prevailing weather conditions. The indicator is the beginning of a self-contained forecast, with the new conditions applying until the end period of the forecast, or until the commencement time of another BECMG or FM group.

Answer 4

AIRMETs warn of moderate weather like turbulence and icing. WA issued every 6 hours. SIGMETs alert pilots to severe weather, such as thunderstorms. WS issued every 4 hours. Graphical AIRMETs are updated every 3 hours

Answer 5

A SPECI is a special report of meteorological conditions, issued when one or more elements meet specified criteria significant to aviation

Answer 6

Surface Aviation Observation - METAR

Answer 7

FT identifies a TAF — a terminal forecast in ICAO code for one aerodrome. Valid for 6/24/30 hours depending on the regulation and aerodrome

Answer 8

FC is also an aerodrome forecast, but in a non-TAF format, used by some local authorities.

Answer 9

FA is an area forecast for a whole FIR or region, mainly used for en-route planning

Answer 10

Volcanic Ash Advisory VAAC reports

Answer 11

Tropical Cyclone Advisory

Answer 12

Radar Weather Report

Answer 13

Upper Wind / Temperature Report

Answer 14

Significant Weather Chart (Graphical)

Answer 15

All Runways

Answer 16

Pressure altitude is simply the altitude in the standard pressure model, whereas density altitude reflects the actual air density the aircraft experiences. Pressure altitude considers only pressure; density altitude accounts for pressure plus temperature and represents true performance conditions. Pressure altitude: What the altimeter “thinks.” Density altitude: What the aircraft actually feels.

Answer 17

Published at 00,06,12,18UTC. SIGWX is valid 3 hours before and 3 hours after the time it is published. Medium-Level FL100–FL450 High-Level FL250–FL630

Answer 18

Occasional (CB)

Answer 19

The windward side of a mountain faces prevailing winds, leading to increased precipitation and lush vegetation. In contrast, the leeward side receives less moisture, often resulting in arid conditions. This phenomenon is known as the rain shadow effect.

Answer 20

Mountain waves at the lee side of a mountain may cause severe turbulence, called orographic turbulence. Typical signs are lenticulars, rotor clouds and clouds with "water-fall" appearance. The strongest turbulence may be found in rotor clouds.

Answer 21

Convective turbulence is caused by thermal instability and is met in connection with the development and activity of thunderstorms. It can cause extreme air motion with vertical speeds up to 6000 ft./min. Mostly it is encountered with severe turbulence in connection with thunderstorm activity.

Answer 22

Mass of streaks of rain appearing to hang under a cloud and evaporating before reaching the ground.

Answer 23

True North

Answer 24

Visibility is 10km or more. No CB or TCU and no cloud below 5000 feet or Minimum Sector Altitude (MSA) (whichever is the greater). No significant weather at or in the vicinity of the aerodrome.

METAR Flashcards

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