micro

Question 1

Advantages of Normal flora

Answer 1

(1) They synthesize the vitamins such as Vit.-K and B12 in intestine.

(2) They prevent the entry of the pathogens

(3) produce anti-bacterial chemicals as a side product of their metabolism.

1. it prevents pathogen colonization
2. it produce antimicrobail substances
3. it helps in the development of the immune system
4. it produce essential vitamins such as vit-k

Question 2

Classification of Microorganisms

Answer 2

bacteria, algae, fungi, protozoa, and viruses

Question 3

Relationship between host and organism

Answer 3

Host – an organism that harbors another organism

forms that may be:
1. commensalism
2. mutualism
1. parasitism

Question 4

Types of diseases

Answer 4

1. Acute disease
2. Chronic disease
3. Latent disease
4. Local infection
   5.Systemic infection
   6.Super infection
   7.Mixed infection :

Question 5

Blood berne disease

Answer 5

hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV),
and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 6

Shapes of bacteria

Answer 6

Coccus , Bacillus ,Spiral

Question 7

Viruses Can be seen by

Answer 7

under the electric
microscope.

Question 8

Stages of infectious disease

Answer 8

1.Incubation period
2.Phase of illness
3.Convalescence phase

Question 9

Disadvantages of Normal flora are

Answer 9

(1) They become pathogenic when the immunity is lowered.

(2) They may act as pathogens in different tissues

1.the become opportunistic pathogens when the immune system is weekness
2.the cen be a source of rndogenous infection if they spreed to abnormal sites such as blood stem

Question 10

1. Bacteria are unicellular organisms ( t & f)

Answer 10

✔

Question 11

2. Most of fungi are unicellular.

Answer 11

✖ multi cellular

Question 12

3. Transient microbial Flora removed by routine hand washing

Answer 12

✔

Question 13

4. Normal flora become pathogenic when immunity is lowered.

Answer 13

✔

Question 14

5. leave one needle inserted in a vial Cap for multiple uses

Answer 14

✖ never

Question 15

6. In Semi critical items cleaning followed by disinfection

Answer 15

✔

Question 16

7. Sterilization is the process that use chemical agents or heat to eliminate all pathogens except spores.

Answer 16

✖ Disinfection

Question 17

8. Small droplet< 5 sum contain microorganisms can Transmit disease by droplet transmission

Answer 17

✖

Question 18

9. Large droplets > 5 μm containing organisms Can Transmit disease by air bom transmission.

Answer 18

✖

Question 19

10. Resident microbial flora attached to deeper layer of skin.

Answer 19

✔

Question 20

11. Sterile gloves used before any invasive procedures That require antiseptic techniques.

Answer 20

✔

Question 21

12. Surgical instruments consider as Semi-critical item.

Answer 21

✖ critical

Question 22

13. Disinfection is the process that use chemical agents or heat to eliminate all bacteria including Spores.

Answer 22

✖ Sterilization

Question 23

14. Colonization is the process of multiplications of organism on body Surface of host with no tissue invasion and not cause a disease.

Answer 23

✔

Question 24

15. Mutualism is when host is harmed and microorganism is benefit.

Answer 24

✖

Question 25

16. The movement of pathogen from mother to her baby during pregnancy called Vertical transmission

Answer 25

✔

Question 26

17. Sharp Container removed when (1/2) full

Answer 26

✖

Question 27

18. Incubation period is time of between infections and appearance of signs and symptoms.

Answer 27

✔

Question 28

1- Classification of micro-organisms:-

Answer 28

[bacteria-Viruses- Fungi - Protoza - All of them] All of them

Question 29

2-The relationship when host is harmed and other is benefit called.

Answer 29

Parasitism

Question 30

3- Entry and multiplications agents in the Tissues of the host with Tissue invasion or damage:

Answer 30

Infection

Question 31

4- A Time between infection and appearance of signs and Symptoms

Answer 31

Incubation period

Question 32

5- Sharp Containers must be removed when.

Answer 32

3/4 full

Question 33

6- Blood borne viruses include:-

Answer 33

[Hepatitis B virus - Hepatitis C virus - H.I.V - All of them]. All of them

Question 34

7- Temperature of dry heat sterilization is:

Answer 34

180 °C for 30 min

Question 35

8 Transmission occurs by contact with contaminated intermediate objects

Answer 35

Indirect contact

Question 36

9- develops rapidly and run its course quickly

Answer 36

Acute disease

Question 37

10- The movement of pathogens from one person to another is called:

Answer 37

Horizontal

Question 38

11- The person who recovered from the disease but still can transmit infection.

Answer 38

Convalescent carrier