Micro 5: Protozoa

Question 1

describe protozoa basic characteristics

Answer 1

• unicellular eukaryotes
• inhabit water and soil
• animal like nutrition
• complex life cycles

Question 2

what is the feeding and growing form of protozoa

Answer 2

trophozoite

Question 3

what is schizogony

Answer 3

multiple fission

Question 4

asexual reproduction in protozoa includes

Answer 4

fission, budding, or schizogony

Question 5

sexual reproduction in protozoa is by

Answer 5

conjugation

Question 6

some protozoa can produce a ____ to survive adverse conditions

Answer 6

cyst

Question 7

what outer protective particle can protozoa have

Answer 7

may have an outer protective pellicle, requiring specialized structures to take in food

Question 8

what specialized structures in protozoa would be needed if it had an outer protective pellicle

Answer 8

• ciliates wave cilia toward mouthlike cytosome

- amebae phagocytize food

Question 9

how is food digested/ waste eliminated in protozoa

Answer 9

• food is digested in vacuoles

- wastes eliminated through an anal pore

Question 10

list of medically important protozoa

Answer 10

1. feeding grooves (diplomonads, parabasalids, euglenozoa)
2. amebae
3. apicomplexia
4. ciliates

Question 11

feeding grooves:

diplomonads

Answer 11

• no mitochondria, multiple flagella

- giardia intestinalis, giardiasis

Question 12

feeding grooves:

parabasalids

Answer 12

• undulating membrane, no cyst stage

- trichonomas vaginalis, trichomoniasis

Question 13

feeding grooves:

euglenozoa

Answer 13

-photoautotrophs or facultative chemotrophs

hemoflagellates

Question 14

hemoflagellates

Answer 14

transmitted by bites of blood-feeding insects

Question 15

amebae move by

Answer 15

move by pseudopods

Question 16

3 amebae and what diseases they cause

Answer 16

1. entamoeba histolytica- causes amebic dysentery
2. acanthamoeba- infects corneas and causes blindness
3. balamuthia- granulomatous amebic encephalitis

Question 17

features of apicomplexia

Answer 17

• nonmotile
• obligate intracellular parasites
• complex life cycles

Question 18

list of 3 examples of apicomplexia and diseases they cause

Answer 18

1. toxoplasma gondii- transmitted by cats, causes fetal infections
2. cryptosporidium- transmitted by feces, causes waterborne illness
3. plasmodium-causes malaria

Question 19

plasmodium important facts

how do you get it

Answer 19

• causes malaria
• sexually reproduces in the Anopheles mosquito
• a mosquito injects a sporozoite into its bite, and the sporozoite undergoes schizogony in the liver, merozoites are produced
• merozoites infect red blood cells, forming a ring stage inside cell
• red blood cells rupture, and meroziotes infect new red blood cells