Micro-Service & APis

Question 1

What are microservices?

Answer 1

Microservices architecture structures an application as a collection of small, independent services. Each service runs its own process, has its own database, and communicates via APIs.

Question 2

What is the difference between monolithic and microservices architecture?

Answer 2

Monolithic: single codebase, shared database, deployed as one unit. Microservices: multiple independent services, separate databases, deployed independently. Microservices offer flexibility but add complexity.

Question 3

What are the benefits of microservices?

Answer 3

Benefits include: independent deployment, technology diversity, fault isolation, easier scaling, team autonomy, and better suited for large complex applications.

Question 4

What are the challenges of microservices?

Answer 4

Challenges include: distributed system complexity, network latency, data consistency, testing difficulty, deployment overhead, monitoring complexity, and increased operational burden.

Question 5

What is service discovery?

Answer 5

Service discovery allows services to find and communicate with each other without hard-coded addresses. Tools like Consul, Eureka, or Kubernetes DNS enable dynamic service location.

Question 6

What is an API Gateway?

Answer 6

An API Gateway is a single entry point for client requests that routes to appropriate microservices. It handles authentication, rate limiting, request routing, and response aggregation.

Question 7

What is REST API?

Answer 7

REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style using HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) for stateless communication. It uses resources identified by URLs.

Question 8

What is GraphQL?

Answer 8

GraphQL is a query language for APIs that lets clients request exactly the data they need. Unlike REST, it uses a single endpoint and allows flexible queries with nested data.

Question 9

What is gRPC?

Answer 9

gRPC is a high-performance RPC framework using Protocol Buffers for serialization. It supports bidirectional streaming and is faster than REST but less human-readable.

Question 10

What is the Circuit Breaker pattern?

Answer 10

Circuit Breaker prevents cascading failures by stopping requests to a failing service. It has three states: Closed (normal), Open (failing, reject requests), Half-Open (testing recovery).