Microbio Chapter 17

Question 1

What is the function of the epidermis?

Answer 1

microbes are unable to gain access to the body

Question 2

What cells comprise most of the epidermis?

Answer 2

keratinocytes

Question 3

What protein is a main component of these epidermis cells?

Answer 3

keratin

Question 4

What is the epidermis protein’s function?

Answer 4

waterproof

Question 5

What layer of skin is located below the epidermis?

Answer 5

dermis

Question 6

What layer associated with the skin is located below the dermis?

Answer 6

subcutaneous layer

Question 7

What is melanin? What is its function?

Answer 7

The brown pigment in our skin that has antimicrobial properties and protects against ultraviolet radiation that depletes the skin of folic acid and causes skin damage

Question 8

What enzyme is found in perspiration? What is its function?

Answer 8

Lysozyme; breaks down the peptidoglycan found in bacterial cell walls

Question 9

What is sebum?

Answer 9

an oily or waxy substance produced by the skin’s sebaceous glands and is a combination of low-pH lipids and proteins that moisturize and further protect the skin

Question 10

Define dermatoses

Answer 10

infections and noninfectious skin diseases

Question 11

Define lesion.

Answer 11

clinical term for any observable abnormality of the skin

Question 12

What is the difference between a primary and secondary lesion?

Answer 12

primary: directly associated with a disease
secondary: less strictly defined and have diverse origins

Question 13

What is the etiological agent of chickenpox? How is it typically spread?

Answer 13

Herpesviridae; respiratory droplets and occasionally from direct contact with pox lesions

Question 14

Reactivation of which dormant pathogen causes shingles?

Answer 14

chickenpox

Question 15

Where in the body does the pathogen remain dormant until reactivation?

Answer 15

nerves

Question 16

What is postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). What infection is it associated with?

Question 17

What is the etiological agent of smallpox?

Question 18

Before eradication, why was smallpox one of the most feared diseases?

Question 19

What is the etiological agent of oral herpes? How does oral herpes present?

Question 20

Does HSV-1 cause a latent infection? If so, where does the pathogen lie dormant before reactivation?

Question 21

True or False.There is no cure or vaccine available for HSV-1 infections.

Question 22

What is the etiological agent of the rubeola virus?

Question 23

Why is measles making a comeback?

Question 24

What are Koplik’s spots?

Question 25

Where are Koplik's spots found? What disease are they associated with?

Question 26

What is the mode of transmission for measles?

Question 27

What infections does the MMR vaccine protect against?

Question 28

What is the etiological agent of German measles?

Question 29

What is another name for German measles?

Question 30

What causes congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)?

Question 31

What are three possible outcomes of CRS?

Question 32

What is the etiological agent of fifth disease? Why is it referred to as “slapped cheek syndrome”?

Question 33

Why isn’t the MMR and Var vaccines administered to infants until they are one year of age or older?

Question 34

What is the etiological agent of roseola?

Question 35

What are the two etiological agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)?

Question 36

What are the etiological agents that cause warts?