Micronutrients

Question 1

What are the vitamin and trace element requirements for IV nutrition?

Answer 1

1. In catabolic patients increased requirements due to prior malnutrition: depleted levels (esp w/GI disease)
2. Increased needs with increased metabolic rate with hypermetabolism (thiamine, riboflavin and niacin)
3. Increased needs for antioxidants and associated vitamins (vit C, E, and Se and B6 and riboflavin)

Question 2

In regards to micronutrients there are few agreed recommendations for patients, what are these recommendations?

Answer 2

1. Generally needs are increased
2. B vitamins
3. Antioxidants
4. Some trace elements

Question 3

In regards to micronutrients, enteral feeds are usually _____? and TPN may involve ____?

Answer 3

Replete

supplementation

Question 4

Immunonutrition in post surgery, critically ill and burn patients provide what benefits to the patient?

Answer 4

1. Improved barrier function
2. Improved immune function
3. Decreased hyperinflammation
   4 .improved wound healing
   —all lead to improved clinical outcome

Question 5

What are important amino acids and antioxidants for nutrition?

Answer 5

Amino Acids:
—glutamine, arginine, cysteine
Antioxidants:
–fish oils (n-3 long chain fatty acids)

Question 6

what Amino acid (especially parenteral) has benefit in both post surgery and critically ill patients?

Answer 6

Glutamine

Question 7

Enteral feeds containing _____ have benefit in post surgery patients, use in critically ill patients in controversial

Answer 7

arginine

Question 8

Very long chain _______ ______ from fish oil are emerging as having potentially beneficial immunomodulatory actions?

Answer 8

n-3 PUFAs