Microscope And Cell Comparison

Question 1

Simple Microscope

Answer 1

-contains only a single lens responsible for enlarging the specimen
-have less resolution power and less magnifying power
-cannot distinguish between two objects

Question 2

Compound Microscope

Answer 2

• contains a series of lens used to magnify items
  -has both an objective lens and ocular which both have magnifying power
  -light passes through a condenser that contains a special lens, the the specimen before it reaches the objective lens

Question 3

How to pick up a microscope

Answer 3

-one hand holding the base (support) and the other holding the arm (carry)
-the base and the arm provide a frame to support the entire microscope

Question 4

Slide holder

Answer 4

-holds the slide in place

Question 5

stage

Answer 5

-platform upon which the specimen is placed
-contains a center opening to allow light to hit the specimen (illumination exit)

Question 6

X-Y stage control

Answer 6

-these control the movement of the slide in the stage clips, allowing you to position it over the light

Question 7

Illumination Exit

Answer 7

light source from the bottom of the microscope

Question 8

condenser

Answer 8

-lens below the stage that concentrates light from the light source into a narrow beam on the specimen

Question 9

Iris diaphragm

Answer 9

-Shutter to the condenser that controls amount of light permitted to pass through the specimen

Question 10

ocular

Answer 10

-used to look at specimen, eyepiece of the microscope houses the ocular lenses
-Has 10X magnifying power

Question 11

Objectives

Answer 11

-lens placed closes to the object /specimen viewed attached to the rotating nose piece
-each objective lens has a different magnifying power

Question 12

Scanning

Answer 12

4X - Red

Question 13

Low Power

Answer 13

10x- Yellow

Question 14

High Power

Answer 14

40X- Blue

Question 15

Oil Immersion

Answer 15

100X- White

Question 16

Coarse Adjustment

Answer 16

Moves the stage up and down at large increments to allow focus of the field of view

Question 17

Fine Adjustment

Answer 17

-Moves the stage up and down at smaller increments to allow focusing of the field of view

Question 18

Total Magnification

Answer 18

TM = objective lens x ocular lens
-it is the product of both magnifications

Question 19

Prokaryotes

Answer 19

• average size is 1um
• no nucleus
• bacteria slide was used as an example

Question 20

Eukaryotes

Answer 20

• average size can be 10um or about ten times the size
• contains a membrane bound nucleus
• pond water specimen and cheek swab were used in lab

Question 21

State the difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Answer 21

• Eukaryotes have a membrane bound nucleus while prokaryotes don’t
• prokaryotes are smaller in size than Eukaryotes
• prokaryotes usually have cell walls. In eukaryotes only plant and fungi cells have them
  -prokaryotes have single circular DNA molecule, while Eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes in the nucleus
• sexual reproduction is different

Question 22

What features do all cells (prokaryotic and Eukaryotic) have in common

Answer 22

• all cells have a plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA