1
Q
Xerxes
A
- Led Greatest Persian invasion of Greece 480-479 BCE
- Son of Darius
2
Q
Cyrus the Great
A
a
3
Q
Darius I
A
- Assassinated by his kinsman Bessus
- Father of Xerxes
4
Q
Darius II
A
a
5
Q
Darius III
A
a
6
Q
Herodotus
A
-Main source on the Greco-Persian Wars
7
Q
Nabonidus
A
- last king of neo-babylonian empire
8
Q
Cambyses
A
- Father of Cyrus the Great
- King of Anshan from 580-559
- Conquered Egypt in 525
- Eldest son of King Cyrus the II
9
Q
Zoroastrianism
A
- Zoroaster taught the existence of angels, demons and saviors, ideas that can also be found in Christianity, Judaism and Islam.
10
Q
Shahanshah
A
-title meaning shah of shahs (similar to king of kings)
11
Q
Athens
A
- dedicated to the goddess Athena
- Supported Ionian revolt but Persians were victorious at the battle of Lade in 494
- Concerned about Persian revenge that they fined a playwright, Phrynichus, for his tragedy The Capture of Miletus.
- in 490 A Persian force of around 25,0000 landed and plundered countryside near Athens. Unaided by the Spartans, the outnumbered Athenians won a dramatic victory, led by Miltiades and others.
12
Q
Sparta
A
- During the Persian Invasion, a small force of Spartans were killed guarding the pass at Thermopylae
- Was a more warlike society
- Doric invasion was the basis for Sparta’s class structure
- Women enjoyed much more freedom than women in other Greek city-states
13
Q
Oracle of Delphi
A
- Associated with the Chthonoi
- Known for giving vague utterances that were difficult to interpret
14
Q
Leonidus
A
-Lead the defense of Greece against Xerxes’ invasion led to Leonidas’ death in the battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC
15
Q
Olympian gods
A
- Greek mythology included a tension between chthonic and Olympian gods
- Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, and many more.
16
Q
Chthonoi
A
-Chthonoi included Cronus, Hades, the Erinyes, Minos, Lethe, and Hecate.
17
Q
Artemisia
A
Greek queen of the ancient Greek city-state of Halicarnassus and of the nearby islands of kos
18
Q
Thermopylae
A
a
19
Q
the Delian league
A
a
20
Q
Marathon
A
a
21
Q
Salamis
A
a
22
Q
Themistocles
A
- Outwitted Xerxes and won a naval victory at salamis
23
Q
Philip II
A
a
24
Q
Alexander the Great
A
a
25
Diogenes
a
26
Roxana
a
27
Bessus
a
28
the Alexandrias
a
29
Macedonia
a
30
Koine Greek
a
31
Stoicism
a
32
Oedipus
a
33
Pyhrrus
a
34
Bucephalus
a
35
the Etruscans
a
36
Romulus and Remus
a
37
fascism/ the fasces
a
38
Baal
a
39
the Aeneid/ Aeneas
a
40
Carthage
Wekeaned but not defeated after second punic war
Third Punic war was Rome's completion of its feud with Carthage
41
Hannibal
a
42
Hamilcar
Carthaginian hero of the first punic war
| Killed fighting in Hispania
43
Scipio
Defeated and destroyed Carthage
-Defeated Hannibal and ended the second punic war
44
Pompey
- First Triumvirate
- Caesar turned against Pompey
- After defeat and death in Egypt Caesar allied with Cleopatra
45
Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (Latin: CAIVS IVLIVS CAESAR, pronounced [ˈɡaː.i.ʊs ˈjuː.li.ʊs ˈkae̯.sar], 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), usually called Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
46
Crassus
Marcus Licinius Crassus (/ˈkræsəs/; c. 115–53 BC) was a Roman general and politician who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Amassing an enormous fortune during his life, Crassus is, excepting Augustus Caesar, considered the wealthiest man in Roman history.
47
Octavius
His maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC, and Octavius was named in Caesar's will as his adopted son and heir, then known as Octavianus (Anglicized as Octavian). He, Mark Antony, and Marcus Lepidus formed the Second Triumvirate to defeat the assassins of Caesar.
48
Spartacus
- the Spartacus rebellion was a symptom of several problems of the late Roman Republic; what had been a nation of small farmers had become a nation of large, wealthy plantations, or latifundia, and slaves
- Eventually put down with great cruelty by Crassus who crucified the captured slaves along the Appian Way
49
Zeus Amon
- Deity
| - Greek god
50
Cybele
Ancient Phrygian mother of the Gods, a primal nature goddess worshipped with orgiastic rites in the mountains of central and western Anatolia.
