Mid Term

Question 0

Skeletal System Bones

Answer 0

Over 200

Question 1

5 Main Functions of the Human Skeleton

Answer 1

• Provides body with shape
• Solid attachment point for muscles to provide movement
• Protects vital organs
• Stores essential minerals
• Produces red blood cells

Question 2

Ligaments

Answer 2

Fibrous bands that hold bones together

Question 3

Long Bones

Answer 3

• Tubular
• Hollow
• Cylindrical shaft with knobbly ends
• Hollow cavity is filled with marrow where blood cells are produced
• Eg. Femur, Radius, Phalanges

Question 4

Short Bones

Answer 4

• Spongy tissue
• Hard surface
• Round to enable a large range of movement
• Eg. Carpals, Tarsals

Question 5

Flat Bones

Answer 5

• Broad, flat
• Function is to protect organs
• Provide large surfaces for muscle attachment
• Eg. Scapula, Skull, Sternum

Question 6

Irregular Bones

Answer 6

• Varying shape
• Reinforced in areas where additional strength is needed
• Eg. Vertebrae

Question 7

Major Functions of the Respiratory System

Answer 7

• Breathing (to deliver oxygen from the atmosphere to the lungs)
• Allows a gaseous exchange within the lungs (in alveoli)
• To create speech
• To facilitate a sense of smell

Question 8

Respiratory’s 3 Sections

Answer 8

• The air passages
• The lungs
• The diaphragm

Question 9

Gaseous Exchange Process

Answer 9

• Oxygen enters lungs and goes into alveoli
• Oxygen pressure is lower in venous blood than in alveoli
• Always moves from high to low pressure areas (Diffusion)
• CO2 moves from capillaries to alveoli

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

• Occur in cell because of one cell thickness capillary walls and the alveoli
• After gaseous exchange oxygenated blood returns to the heart

Question 11

Trachea (Windpipe)

Answer 11

• Carries air between pharynx and thorax to lungs
• Reinforced with cartilage to remain open
• Lined with mucous and cilia to cleanse air

Question 12

Larynx (Voice box)

Answer 12

• Contains vocal cords
• Surrounded by thyroid cartilage
• Epiglottis guards trachea so good doesn’t enter

Question 13

Nasal Cavity

Answer 13

• Takes air from atmosphere and prepares it for the body
• Warms and filters air
• Cilia (fine hairs) keep air clean

Question 14

Bronchial Tubes (Bronchi)

Answer 14

• Branch left and right from trachea

- Enter corresponding lung into bronchioles

Question 15

Pharynx

Answer 15

• Between air and food

- Divides into oseophageous (carries good to stomach) and trachea (carries air towards lungs)

Question 16

Bronchioles

Answer 16

• Small airways that divide into alveoli

Question 17

Air Passages

Answer 17

• Carries oxygen to lungs

Question 18

Gaseous Exchange in Lungs

Answer 18

• Absorption of oxygen by body and return of CO2

- Occurs in alveoli

Question 19

Diaphragm

Answer 19

• Involuntary smooth muscle
• At base of chest, contracts and relaxes
• Enables inspiration and expiration

Question 20

Plura

Answer 20

• Thin membrane

- Prevents friction as lungs expand and contract

Question 21

Lungs

Answer 21

• Encased in thorax
• Protected by ribs, sternum, vertebrae
• Separated from other organs by diaphragm

Question 22

Capillaries

Answer 22

• Allow exchange of oxygen and CO2

- Walls of alveoli

Question 23

Biomechanics

Answer 23

• Examines internal and external forces on the body that can affect performance

Question 24

Biomechanics Principles Applied to Movement

Answer 24

- Phases: Preparation, Action, Follow Through | - Summation of movement applied to kicking, throwing etc

Question 25

Biomechanics Assist in Performance Enchancement

Answer 25

- Help coaches make modifications based on body shape for performance - Provide guidelines for the selection of equipment for body shape and size - Reduce overuse or impact injuries

Question 26

5 Step Analysis

Answer 26

- Preparation - Observation - Evaluation - Intervention - Re Observation

Question 27

Intervention

Answer 27

- Use appropriate intervention to fix weaknesses | - Provide feedback on mechanical variables being practised

Question 28

Re Observation

Answer 28

- Check strategies have been successful in modifying movement

Question 29

Frontal Plane

Answer 29

- Divides body front and back - Anterior (front) - Posterior (back) - Enables to move left and right - Eg. Cartwheel, Grape Vine

Question 30

Transverse Plabs

Answer 30

- Upper (Superior) - Lower (Inferior) - Enables turning, facing another direction (rotation)

Question 31

Sagittal Plane

Answer 31

- Left and right - Move forwards and backwards - Between eyes - Divides sternum and vertebrae in half - Eg. Forward roll, jumping forward

Question 32

Evalution

Answer 32

- Compose critical values of your ideal performance | - Prioritise practice to work on weaknesses

Question 33

Preparation

Answer 33

- Understand the skill that needs to be analysed | - Identify critical variables associated with ideal performance

Question 34

Observation

Answer 34

- Decide on the number of observations needed to make a decision in critical variables - Different locations/conditions to assess variables