1
Q
Introduction
A
- middle east is approximately the size of the U.S.
- largest population is the arabs
- majority of middle easterners are muslim
2
Q
95%…
A
-of arabic speaker in middle east are muslim
-americans –> negative stereotype! kamalipour survey found terms most associated w/ MEs:
~oil
~ mean people
~dark skin
~terrorism
3
Q
Middle east language considerations
A
- arabic is the worlds 6th most common language
- other common languages: kurdish, farsi, turkish, urdu
- arabic has many spoken dialects
4
Q
written or classical..
A
- arabic is the language of the koran
- koran is considered the ultimate book of style and grammar for arabs
- all muslims must use arabic in their daily prayers
- 29 letters in arabic alphabet
- arabic and farsi are written from right to left
5
Q
health and disabilities
A
- family intermarriage is linked to a large number of childhood disorders found in arab countries
- disabled child: mother feels shame and guilt; father views as defeat, blemish on family pride
- reactions: abandonment, overprotection, denial, isolation
- women may not be seen by male doctors
6
Q
in some countries…
A
- such as afghanistan, disabled considered “helpless”
- some may not go to school or obtain jobs
- families stay home and take care of their disabled family members, and rarely let them make decisions
- disabled– limited rights
7
Q
2016 miriam A. from palestine and lebanon
A
- aunt in lebanon w/ down syndrome
- there have never been any services
- family takes care of her, does evrything
8
Q
Asmahan M. 2016 (palestine)
A
- eastern orthodox christian community does not talk about disabilities
- people look down on those w/ disabilities
- if it is an invisible disability like lang impairment very hard to explain
9
Q
middle eastern family life
A
MIDDLE EAST -ch brought up to live interdependently -identity defined by family achievement MAINSTREAM U. S. -ch raised to be independent -identity define by indiv. achievement
10
Q
Middle east vs. mainstream
A
MS
- mother willing for ch to be hugged, picked up
-more flexible about time line fore sleeping, eating , toilet training
-less freedom for independent exploration
MainSt.
-mother more reluctant to be affectionate
-more regulated time schedule
-more freedome for exploration
11
Q
ME vs mainST.
A
MS
-ch not permitted to make independent decisions
-respect: old age, wisdom spiritual maturity
MainSt.
-ch make more independent decisions; choices
-youth, physical fitness, intelligence
12
Q
other facts
A
- family is primary focus of loyalty
- arranged marriages are common
- may be inter marriage in some areas
- polygamy in some countries like iran
- patriarchal; father is head of household
- women submit to and serve husbands
13
Q
thoraia A. from yemen 2016
A
- definitely arranged marriages
- arabs –> lots of emphasis on lineage and tribal background
- even if a family has a lot of $$, if they are from a lower lineage, marriage to someone from a higher lineage is forbidden
14
Q
male children…
A
- preferred over female children
- boys encouraged to think of themselves as superior to girls
- girls may stop education after elementary; boys are expected to excel
15
Q
Neeka G. 2016 Iran
A
- boys are on pedestals –> they grow up spoiled and careless
- her bro simply refused to speak out in class or to authority figures –> they thought he was delayed
16
Q
Mariam A. from lebenon/ palestine/yemen
A
- premarital sex is VERY shameful for the entire family -> forever
- a young lady just wouldn’t even dream of it
17
Q
sharifzadeh
A
- fathers–> very little responsibility for infants and young ch
- “Men view themselves as responsible for providing the material necessities and for making major arrangements but do not engage in day-to-day caregiving…” (p. 412-413)
18
Q
cultural customs and courtesies
A
- conservative countries: iran, syria, saudi arabia
- liberal countries: turkey, lebanon, pakistan
- sheriat: legal system based on koran
- hospitality: very high priority
19
Q
left hand..
A
- considered unclean
- in some areas, women must be covered from head to toe in public
- in some areas, women cannot leave home or speak w/ strangers w/o their husbands permission
20
Q
http://www.theweek.co.uk/middle-east/60339/eleven-things-women-in-saudi-arabia-cant-do
A
- go anywhere w/o a male chaperone
- drive a car
- vote in elections?
- swim
- compete freely in sports
- try on clothes while shopping
21
Q
communication styles
A
- men an women may not make eye contact or even socialize together in public
- speaking loudly is acceptable
- arabs try to speak eloquently and creatively; a communication disorder has very negative consequences
22
Q
poets…
A
- held high esteem in arab societies
- people stand close during conversations
- its acceptable to tune out during conversations
23
Q
education and literacy
A
- many U.S. arabs are highly educated
- more than 40% have a bachelors degree or higher compared w. 24% of the general population
- literacy rates vary widely among arab nations
24
Q
neeka G. Iran 2016
A
- she’d get a 95% on a test, and her dad would say “what happened to the other 5%?”
- dad: being an SLP is sill -> its just about books and toys
25
literacy may not be as high as a priority
- for women and girls
- and co-ed school are very uncommon in many MEs countries
- in the U.S parents may be uncomfortable w/ freedom allowed to girls
26
implication for SLPs
- approximately 100 arabs SLPs worldwide
- families may be uncomfortable receiving outside assistance
- families might not be familiar w/ SLPs and our services
27
asmahan n. 2016
- she was going to be a doc and her mom was mad she wanted to be SLP
- mom felt better when ashamed showed her A&P book
28
show...
- respect; dress formally, sit w/ good posture
- ch may develop self help skills later
- female professionals should not shake hands w/ male family members
- arabs have great respect for edu.; try to let them know your credentials
- arabs may be late for or not keep appointments
29
case history..
- fathers might not tolerate being questioned by a female interviewer
- speak to father first
- male family member may make tx decisions, but mother will be responsible for carrying them out
- shame denial about children disabilities are common
30
follow up...
- w/ families --> they may outwardly agree to carry out recommendations, but not do it , they believe disagreeing is rude
- middle east may be viewed as ethnocentric. refer fam to their countries of origin
31
former students shared
- taught gymnastics locally; middle eastern mom would drop off her autistic ch for lessons
- mom so embarrassed to be associated w/ son that she waiting in car
32
Amber A. (former student)
-her father, a doctor "why do you need to get educated? you're a woman! you are just going to get married and have babies"
33
Afeefa Mikbel; former student; Palestinian Muslim/Arab American
Wears a hijab – has been called a terrorist
“go back to where you came from”
Kids followed her home from school
She was terrified to go to lunch – mom had to come and pick her up
34
remember
- parents are very protective of their daughters more than sons
- For delicate issues, involve Imam, someone else from mosque
exam 2 roseberry
flashcards
Decks in class (3)
# Cards
